Bipolar Disorders & Diagnosis
A diagnosis of Bipolar I Disorder requires at least this many full manic episodes
What is one?
Blood testing should be performed every one to two weeks until this therapeutic level, measured in mEq/L, is obtained
What is 0.5 to 1.2 mEq/L?
Alcohol and this class of drugs are considered the most dangerous to withdraw from due to the high risk of seizure development
What are Benzodiazepines?
Antisocial, Borderline, and Histrionic Personality Disorders fall under this cluster, characterized as dramatic, erratic, and emotional
What is Cluster B?
A client with this Cluster B disorder exhibits a pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation
What is Borderline Personality Disorder?
This condition requires at least one hypomanic episode and one major depressive episode, and is often misdiagnosed as Major Depressive Disorder.
What is Bipolar II Disorder?
If a client’s sodium levels are low, the body retains lithium and sodium, leading to this dangerous complication.
What is toxicity?
This severe and potentially fatal presentation of sudden alcohol withdrawal is marked by severe confusion, agitation, disorientation, and seizures
What are Delirium Tremors (DTs)?
This cluster contains the "odd or eccentric" disorders, including Paranoid and Schizoid Personality Disorders
What is Cluster A?
Clients with this Cluster C disorder are excessively devoted to work, perfectionistic, and reluctant to delegate tasks because they are preoccupied with orderliness and control
What is Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)?
For this disorder to be diagnosed, a client must have numerous periods with hypomanic and depressive symptoms over at least 2 years, without meeting the full criteria for either major episode.
What is Cyclothymic Disorder?
To prevent retention and toxicity, clients on lithium should stay hydrated with this amount of water daily and avoid drastic sodium restrictions
What is 2 to 3 liters?
This chronic memory disorder results from a lack of Vitamin B1 (thiamine) due to chronic alcohol use, causing difficulty forming new memories
What is Korsakoff's amnesic syndrome?
The therapeutic solution for clients in Cluster A is focused on finding and maintaining this
What are interpersonal relationships?
A total lack of remorse, lying, deception, and a disregard for the safety of self or others are predominant features of this Cluster B condition
What is Antisocial Personality Disorder?
This bipolar manifestation is severe enough to require hospitalization or cause significant impairment in social or occupational functioning, often due to poor judgment
What is a manic episode?
Withholding lithium treatment and consulting the HCP is the required action for early toxicity, which occurs between 1.5 and 2.0 mEq/L and features GI discomfort, nausea, and this specific type of tremor
What are coarse tremors?
An opioid antagonist, this medication is administered to reverse respiratory depression, coma, and other signs of opioid toxicity.
What is Naloxone (Narcan)?
These two nursing interventions are the primary therapeutic solutions for clients in Cluster B due to their dramatic behaviors and self-harm tendencies.
What are safety and maintaining appropriate boundaries?
This Cluster C disorder involves a pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of, leading to submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation
What is Dependent Personality Disorder?
This feature differentiates a manic episode from a hypomanic episode, as the latter is not severe enough to cause it.
What is hospitalization or psychosis?
This life-saving intervention is required for severe lithium toxicity, defined as serum levels greater than 2.5 mEq/L, to treat the resulting comatose state and severe respiratory complications
What is initiate hemodialysis?
In opioid withdrawal, symptoms like restlessness, muscle and bone pain, and cold flashes with goosebumps are commonly referred to by this term
What is "cold turkey"?
Clients in Cluster C (Anxious/Fearful) have difficulty taking on responsibilities due to fear, making this the key therapeutic solution
What is decreasing anxiety?
A client is reluctant to confide in others because of unwarranted fear that the information will be used maliciously against them, a diagnostic criterion for this Cluster A condition.
What is Paranoid Personality Disorder?