Nervous System
The two major divisions of the nervous system.
What are the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system?
What is the main function of the nervous system?
To transmit information between the brain and body.
The space between two neurons?
What is the synapse?
Which lobe processes visual information?
Occipital lobe.
Explain the biopsychosocial model in mental health.
It considers biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding disorders.
Responsible for responses such as pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration.
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the role of the autonomic nervous system?
Controls involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion.
The name given to the electrical signal that typically moves from the neuron's cell body down the axon to the axon terminals.
What is an action potential?
Which lobe is responsible for hearing and memory?
Temporal lobe.
What is a precipitating factor in mental health?
An event that triggers the onset of a disorder.
Which neurotransmitter is linked to mood regulation and sleep?
Serotonin
Which neurotransmitter is associated with reward and motivation?
Dopamine
These appendages are designed to receive communications from other cells. They resemble a tree-like structure, forming projections that become stimulated by other neurons.
What are dendrites?
Which lobe is involved in decision-making and planning?
Frontal lobe.
Biological Factors
Psychological Factors
Social/Environmental Factors
Which division of the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for “fight or flight”?
Sympathetic nervous system.
What is neuroplasticity?
The brain’s ability to reorganize and form new neural connections throughout life.
Store various neurotransmitters that are released at the synapse.
What are vesicles?
Which part of the brain is critical for forming new memories?
Hippocampus
Give one difference between prognosis and diagnosis.
Diagnosis identifies the disorder; prognosis predicts its likely course.
Explain the difference between afferent and efferent neurons.
Afferent carry signals to the CNS; efferent carry signals away from the CNS.
What is neurogenesis, and where does it primarily occur in adults?
The formation of new neurons, primarily in the hippocampus.
During the "firing of a neuron," this phase is when the membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting potential.
What is hyperpolarization?
Name the four lobes of the cerebrum and one function of each.
Frontal (planning), Parietal (touch), Temporal (hearing), Occipital (vision).
What does DSM-5 stand for?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition.