Roots and Founders
Who is considered the "father of psychology" and opened the first psychology laboratory in 1879?
Wilhelm Wundt
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and ________ processes.
Mental
Which perspective focuses on the brain, genetics, and hormones?
Biological
Psychologists use this to systematically study behavior using observation, evidence, testing, and experiments.
The scientific method
Which field of psychology focuses on mental health treatment?
Clinical psychology
Which psychologist is associated with functionalism and the question, "What is the purpose of behavior?"
William James
Which of the following is an example of behavior: studying, memory, crying, or decision-making?
Studying or crying
Which perspective focuses on thinking, memory, and problem solving?
Cognitive
A researcher sends a questionnaire to 500 high school students asking how many hours they sleep each night. What research method is being used?
Survey
Which field focuses on performance and motivation in athletes?
Sports psychology
Which psychologist believed that unconscious thoughts and childhood experiences could influence behavior?
Sigmund Freud
A psychologist observes that a student is falling asleep during class. Which goal of psychology is being used when the psychologist simply records what is happening?
Describe
Which perspective focuses on learning, conditioning, and the environment?
Behavioral
researcher sits in a park and records how often children share toys without interfering with them. What research method is being used?
Naturalistic observation
Is this an example of nature or nurture? A teenager speaks Spanish because that is the language they learned growing up in their environment.
Nurture
A psychologist argues that psychology should focus on behavior that can be observed, measured, and tested rather than internal thoughts. Which school of thought does this psychologist most closely represent?
Behaviorism
A psychologist discovers that a student is falling asleep because they have been staying up until 2 a.m. studying. Which goal of psychology is being used?
Explain
A psychologist explains anxiety by saying that a person's negative thought patterns are causing them to interpret situations as threatening. Which perspective is being used?
Cognitive
A psychologist spends six months studying one teenager who experienced extreme social isolation. What research method is this?
Case Study
psychologist studies how workplace conditions affect employee behavior and motivation. What subfield of psychology is this?
Industrial-organizational psychology (I/O)
Put these psychologists in the correct historical order, from earliest to later: Freud, Wundt, Skinner, William James
Wundt → William James → Freud → Skinner
A psychologist notices that students who consistently get more sleep tend to perform better in class. The psychologist then develops a sleep program to improve students' attention. Identify two goals of psychology being demonstrated.
Predict and influence/control
A student is experiencing anxiety. One psychologist focuses on brain chemistry, another focuses on negative thought patterns, and another focuses on stressful relationships. What major idea about psychology does this demonstrate?
Multiple perspectives can explain the same behavior; the biopsychosocial approach can combine biological, psychological, and social factors.
A psychologist wants to determine whether music causes students to perform better on a test. They randomly assign students to either listen to music or sit in silence before taking the same test. Why is this an experiment rather than a survey or naturalistic observation?
the researcher is manipulating a variable and comparing groups to test cause and effect.
A psychologist is studying why a teenager is struggling in school. They examine the student's genetics and brain development, their patterns of thinking, and their family/peer environment. What approach are they using?
Biopsychosocial approach