Philosophy
Philosophy's contribution to psychology
What is subject matter?
Physiology's main contribution to psychology
What is experimentation?
Wundt studied the speed of thought by using this instrument he built
What is the thought meter?
Ebbinghaus' graph that depicts the amount of learned information forgotten as a function of time.
What is the forgetting curve?
In contrast with Wundt, James described consciousness as an unbroken ______ that could not be reduced to elements
What is stream?
This invention was the metaphor for mechanism in the 1600s
What is clock?
He advanced knowledge in vision, hearing and the speed of the neural impulse
Who is Helmholtz?
Sensations and feelings
What are Wundt's elements of consciousness
Among other things, he is known for advancing the experimental study of higher mental processes, as well as the quantification of learning and memory
Who is Ebbinghaus?
Darwin's influence can be seen in James' focus on the purpose of consciousness, which James wrote was to ___________
What is: help us adapt to and survive in our environments by helping us to make choices?
Determinism, Mechanism, Materialism, Reductionism
What are influences on the scientific zeitgeist of the 1600s?
He developed the just noticeable difference and two point threshold
Who is Weber?
This is an intentional process in which some parts of consciousness are brought into clarity; it also serves to synthesize mental elements into new conscious experiences
What is apperception?
Kulpe used this method of introspection in his lab at the Wurzberg school
What is systematic experimental introspection?
This theory states that we feel emotions due to the bodily changes that result from our encounter with a stimulus.
What is the James-Lange theory of emotions?
The qualities that Locke maintained are dependent on the perceiving person
What are secondary qualities?
S=klogR
What is Fechner's equation relating intensity of mental sensation to intensity of physical stimulus?
Experience that is independent of the observer vs. experience that depends on the observer, in Wundt's system; the former is characteristic of the natural sciences while the latter is characteristic of psychology
What is mediate vs. immediate experience?
Ebbinghaus used this number of experimental participants in his memory studies
What is one (himself)?
James' student who invented the paired associates method for studying memory
Who is Mary Calkins?
To Locke, ideas result from these two sources
What are sensations and reflections?
When Broca conducted an autopsy on Tan's brain to look for damage he was using the _____method
What is the clinical method?
Wundt's name for his later approach of studying higher mental processes; he maintained these higher processes could not be studied through experimentation
What is Volkerpsychologie (cultural psychology, ethnic psychology)?
Name for items learned in Ebbinghaus' memory studies
What are nonsense syllables?
James is an early contributor to development of this
American school of psychology concerned with the purpose of consciousness
What is functionalism?