Foundations of Psychological Disorders
defined by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
What is a psychological disorder?
Disorders characterized by excessive, persistent fear and worry, often with behavioral disturbances.
What are anxiety disorders?
Depression that occurs in women during or within four weeks after pregnancy is called this.
What is peripartum (postpartum) onset depression?
The pair of neurotransmitters most studied in relation to schizophrenia symptoms.
What are dopamine and serotonin?
Bill, a rigid, perfectionistic, and uncompromising worker, may have this personality disorder.
What is obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?
The main classification system used by U.S. mental health professionals for diagnosing psychological disorders.
What is the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)?
Jenny avoids public transportation, open spaces, and crowds, preferring to stay home. She may have this anxiety disorder.
What is agoraphobia?
A distinct period of abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, is called this type of episode.
What is a manic episode?
All dissociative disorders share this common characteristic.
What is becoming split off or separated from one’s core sense of self?
A sensory and perceptual experience in the absence of a real stimulus.
What is a hallucination?
This term describes the co-occurrence of two or more psychological disorders in the same individual.
What is comorbidity?
People with these disorders experience intrusive, unwanted thoughts and/or the need to perform repetitive behaviors.
What are obsessive-compulsive disorders?
Mood disorders are more likely in people with a family history due to this factor.
What is a strong genetic and biological basis?
Paul, who can’t pay attention, is easily distracted, and displays poor impulse control, might be assessed for this disorder.
What is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
Involve developmental problems in personal, social, and academic and intellectual functioning.
What is a neurodevelopmental disorder?
The perspective that attributes psychological disorders to supernatural forces like evil spirits or black magic.
What is the supernatural perspective?
Stacy, who experienced trauma in Afghanistan and now has flashbacks and avoids reminders, may have this disorder.
What is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Depression that occurs only during fall and winter months
What is depression with a seasonal pattern (seasonal affective disorder)?
Sara, who avoids social interaction and doesn’t initiate conversations, may have this disorder.
What is autism spectrum disorder?
The study of psychological disorders, including their symptoms, causes, and treatment
What is psychopathology?
The approach that explains psychological disorders by looking at genetics, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities.
What is the biological perspective?
A period of extreme fear or discomfort that develops abruptly and reaches a peak within 10 minutes
What is a panic attack?
A person with this disorder experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania.
What is bipolar disorder?
Schizophrenia is best conceptualized as this type of disorder.
What is a psychotic disorder?
a mental health condition where a person experiences two or more distinct personality states or identities. These identities, also called alters, can take turns controlling the person's behavior, memory, and thoughts.
What is Dissociative Identity Disorder?