Classification and Perspectives on Psychological Disorders
A syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbances in cognition, emotion, and/or behavior that reflects dysfunction in psychological, biological, and/or developmental processes
What are Psychological Disorders? (or Mental Disorders)
A relatively continuous state of excessive, uncontrollable, and pointless worry and apprehension
What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
Persistent, unintentional, and unwanted thoughts and urges that are highly intrusive, unpleasant, and distressing
What are obsessions?
A psychological disorder that is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior
What is Schizophrenia?
Psychological treatment that employs various methods to help someone overcome personal problems, or to attain personal growth
What is psychotherapy?
The study of psychological disorders, including their symptoms, etiology (causes), prognosis (probable course of an illness), and treatment
What is psychopathology?
A mood disorder characterized by extreme states of elation and agitation
What is Bipolar Disorder?
Originally called Shell Shock or Combat Neurosis
What is PTSD (or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder)?
Feelings of detachments from one's self
What is depersonalization?
A type of therapy modality that involves multiple clients who are paired together based on various characteristics
What is group therapy?
An integrative model that combines biological and psychological factors to predict the likelihood of developing a disorder
What is the Diathesis-Stress Model?
Situations in which a person experiences the symptoms of MDD only during particular times of the year
What is Seasonal Pattern Disorder (or Winter Blues, Seasonal Affective Disorder, or Seasonal Depression)?
A disorder characterized by a person who cannot bear to part with personal possessions, regardless of value or use
What is Hoarding Disorder?
A disorder characterized as an individual who shows no regard at all for other people’s rights or feelings and feels no remorse for their misdeeds
What is Antisocial Personality Disorder?
A type of therapy that involves making patients aware of problematic cognitive processes and self-defeating behaviors and provides guidance to change these issues
What is CBT (or Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy)?
An American-centric manual created by the American Psychiatric Association that describes an overview of diagnostic features, symptoms, prevalence, and risk factors
What is the DSM-5? (Or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5)
Mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations by reducing the chance of negative social outcomes
What are safety behaviors?
Two risk factors for PTSD
What are exposure to traumatic events, being female, low socioeconomic status, low intelligence, personal history of mental disorders, history of childhood adversity, and family history of mental disorders, neuroticism, somatization, and presence of one or two short versions of a gene that regulates serotonin?
Two life problems associated with ADHD
What are poorer academic achievement, salary, SES status, employment opportunities, job satisfaction?
Two types of psychotropic drugs
What are antidepressants (SSRIs), Anti-Anxiety (Xanax), Antipsychotics (Haldol), and Mood Stabilizers (Lithium)?