Psychodynamic
Humanistic
Behavioral
Cognitive
Biological
100
Freud and his followers believed in its importance in understanding our behavior; it is also a central element of parallel processing
What is the unconscious?
100
He developed a hierarchy of needs to explain human motivation
Who is Abraham Maslow?
100
In classical conditioning, the behavior that is NOT a natural response to a specific stimulus
What is the conditioned response?
100
A simple thinking strategy for problem-solving and making judgments
What is a heuristic?
100
A neurotransmitter's re-absorption by the sending neuron
What is reuptake?
200
Freud used this process in psychoanalysis, allowing patients to just say whatever is on their minds
What is free association?
200
He believed we all need to be shown unconditional positive regard in order to reach fulfillment
Who is Carl Rogers?
200
He developed social learning theory, based in part on his Bobo doll experiments
Who is Albert Bandura?
200
The tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem-solving
What is functional fixedness?
200
The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body in stressful situations
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
300
Freud's proposed defense mechanism in which the person banishes anxiety-laden memories from conscious awareness
What is repression?
300
This is the drive at the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs - that state to which we are always working toward
What is self-actualization?
300
The type of learning that is dependent upon rewards and punishments
What is operant conditioning?
300
Our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list
What is the serial-position effect?
300
The neurotransmitter that is overabundant in persons with schizophrenia and under-abundant in persons with Parkinson's disease
What is dopamine?
400
According to Carl Jung, we all share this together
What is a collective unconscious?
400
The term used for humanistic therapy in which the client takes center stage
What is client-centered therapy?
400
This occurs when conditioning spreads from one stimulus to another that is similar; it is believed to play a role in phobias
What is stimulus generalization?
400
A thinking 'style' that can lead people to feel hopeless, and therefore, become depressed
What is a pessimistic explanatory style?
400
Drugs such as caffeine and amphetamines that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
What are stimulants?
500
According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream
What is latent content?
500
A therapeutic method used in client-centered therapy that involves empathetic attending to the client
What is active listening?
500
Therapeutic process in which the patient gradually overcomes fear through exposure and relaxation
What is systematic desensitization?
500
An increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation; believed to be the neural basis for learning and memory
What is long-term potentiation?
500
Frontal lobe neurons that fire when performing certain actions OR when observing another doing so; may enable imitation and empathy
What are mirror neurons?
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