A relatively permanent change in behavior, knowledge, capability or attitude that is acquired through experience and cannot be attributed to illness, injury or maturation.
What is learning?
100
A learned reflex rather than a naturally occurring one.
What is a conditioned reflex?
100
In classical conditioning, the tendency to make a conditioned response to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned response; in operant conditioning, the tendency to make the learned response to a stimulus that is similar to the one for which it was originally reinforced.
What is generalization?
200
A process through which a response previously made only to a specific stimulus is made is made to another stimulus that has been paired repeatedly with the original stimulus.
What is classical conditioning?
200
A stimulus that elicits a specific response without prior learning.
What is an unconditioned stimulus (US)?
200
The learned ability to distinguished between similar stimuli so that the conditioned response occurs only to the original conditioned stimulus but not to similar stimuli.
What is discrimination?
300
An event or object in the environment to which an organism responds.
What is a stimulus?
300
A neutral stimulus that, after repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus, becomes associated with it and elicits and conditioned response.
What is a conditioned response (CR)?
300
He earned fame by studying the conditioned reflex in dogs; organized and directed research in psychology at the Institute of Experimental Medicine in St. Petersburg.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
400
An involuntary response to a particular stimulus, like the eye-blink response to a puff of air or salivation in response to food placed in the mouth.
What is a reflex?
400
The weakening and often eventual disappearance of a learned response; in classical conditioning, the conditioned response is weakened by repeated presentation of the condition stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus.
What is extinction?
400
Occurs when a neutral stimulus is paired with an existing conditioned stimulus, becomes associated with it, and gains the power to elicit the same conditioned response.
What is higher-order conditioning?
500
A response that is invariably elicited by the unconditioned stimulus without prior learning.
What is an unconditioned response (UR)?
500
The reappearance of an extinguished response (in a weaker form) when an organism is exposed to the original conditioned stimulus following a rest period.
What is spontaneous recovery?
500
The dislike and/or avoidance of a particular food that has been associated with nausea or discomfort.