True or False? Personality is an individual's characteristic patterns of behavior, emotion, and thought.
What is True?
100
If you are interested in what a person does, rather than what a person says about himself, then you are collecting this type of data.
What is behavioral (B) data?
100
The trait approach focuses exclusively on ______________.
What is individual differences?
100
Which trait is associated with obsessive effort into hairstyles and clothing as well as manipulativeness?
a. conscientiousness
b. narcissism
c. self-monitoring
d. authoritarianism
What is narcissism?
100
Which of the following is an ethical issue involved in the research process?
a. how research findings are used
b. which research topics are studied
c. how truthful researchers are when describing their work
d. all of the above
What is d?
200
The basic approaches or paradigms of personality psychology:
a. can be combined to create One Big Theory.
b. are in competition with each other to offer the best explanation of personality.
c. are useful because one approach cannot sufficiently explain all of personality.
d. are not useful because they are too limited.
What is c?
200
A disadvantage of this type of data is that it provides limited behavioral information, and people are more likely to remember behaviors that are extreme, unusual, or emotionally arousing.
What is Informant (I) Data?
200
According to situationists, there is not such thing as _______________.
What is personality or traits?
200
A researcher who tries to discover the most important or basic personality traits that exist is taking a ________ approach.
What is essential trait approach?
200
This ethical issue within personality research involves using ___________, which refers to telling research participants something that is not true.
What is deception?
300
What is one of personality psychology’s biggest advantages over other areas of psychology?
a. It uses more rigorous methods.
b. It has a mission to account for the psychology of whole persons.
c. It created the One Big Theory to explain whole persons.
d. It focuses on the two most important aspects of the psychological triad.
What is b?
300
On Friday, Terrence completes the Self-Monitoring Scale and receives a score of 49. On the following Tuesday, he fills out the scale again and receives a score of 28. Terrence’s scores on the Self-Monitoring Scale do not appear to be ________.
What is reliable?
300
The consistency of individual differences in personality ________ over the life span.
a. Decreases
b. Stays the same
c. Increases
d. Increases and then decreases
What is increases (C)?
300
A researcher interested in identifying common patterns of trait variation that characterize whole persons is using a ________ approach. An example of this is the Myers-Brigg/Jung Test.
What is the typological approach?
300
The Rorschach and TAT are examples of _________ tests, while the MMPI and CPI are examples of _________ tests.
What are projective (subjective) and objective respectively?
400
Personality psychology emphasizes how people are ________, whereas subfields such as cognitive and social psychology emphasize how people are ________.
a. similar to each other; different from each other
b. different from each other; similar to each other
c. essentially good; essentially bad
d. motivated by unconscious forces; motivated by conscious forces
What is B?
400
If happiness decreases as narcissism increases, then happiness and narcissism are _________________?
What is negatively correlated?
400
The Stanford Prison Experiment is an example of ___________, which suggests that persons and situations are constantly interacting with each other to produce behavior.
What is interactionism?
400
What are the essential traits according to Hans Eysenck?
What is PEN (Psychoticism, Extraversion, and Neuroticism)?
400
Which of the following is the biggest concern that Funder has about the use of deception in psychological research?
a. Most experiments that involve deception cause too much harm to participants.
b. Most experiments that involve deception are too silly to warrant such an extreme method.
c. The use of deception may harm the credibility of psychology and psychological researchers.
d. None of the above; Funder has few concerns about the use of deception in research.
What is c?
500
Which of the following is an expression of Funder’s First Law?
a. People vary in terms of their trait levels.
b. There are no perfect indicators of personality.
c. Characteristics that are strengths in one sense are weaknesses in other ways.
d. Individual differences should not be put into the “error” term in statistical analysis.
What is c?
500
1. The strongest advantage of the experimental method is that ________.
a. it allows the assessment of causality
b. it allows the study of naturally occurring individual differences that already exist in the participants
c. participants are always randomly sampled from the general population
d. it can take advantage of extreme levels of the independent variable
What is a?
500
Someone who is ________ is likely to express his or her personality consistently from one situation to the next.
a. Low in self-monitoring
b. High in self-monitoring
c. Low is self-efficacy
d. High in self-efficacy
What is low in self-monitoring? (A)
500
A researcher seeks to understand the reasons that a person uses drugs. Which approach is the researcher most likely to adopt?
What is many-trait approach?
500
All projective tests ________.
a. involve stimuli with no clear meaning
b. involve the construction of stories and narratives
c. require choosing among multiple, predetermined alternatives
d. rely on computer scoring methods