KEY CONTRIBUTORS
Studied the behavior of dogs using food and a bell.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
The body's speedy, electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems.
What is the Nervous System?
A long-lasting, strong and close emotional bond between two people. Ex: bond between an infant and his/her caregiver.
What is attachment?
The tendency to favor individuals within our group over those from outside our group.
What is In-Group bias?
A psychological disorder marked by extreme mood swings; also called manic depression.
What is Bipolar Disorder?
Emphasized the importance of unconscious motivations.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
A simple, automatic response to a sensory stimulus, such as the knee-jerk response.
What is a reflex?
The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth.
What is a Fetus?
Adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
What is Conformity?
A form of psychopathology, characterized by depressed mood, loss of interest in pleasurable activities, and disturbances in appetite, sleep, energy level and concentration.
What is Major-Depressive Disorder?
Stressed the potential for human growth, like pyramids; emphasized concept of self-actualization.
Who is Abraham Maslow?
Chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands, travel through the bloodstream and affect other tissues.
What are hormones?
A child's inability to see a situation from another person's point of view.
What is egocentrism?
The tendency of people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get.
What is the Just-World Phenomenon?
A disorder characterized by recurrent obsessions and compulsions that cause distress and significantly interfere with an individual's life.
What is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
French psychologist who's work focused on the development of children.
Who is Jean Piaget?
Two lima bean-sized neural clusters in the limbic system; linked to emotion.
What is the amygdala?
Zone between what the child already knows and what the child has the potential to know. It is the difference between what a child can do alone and what he/she can accomplish with help from someone else.
What is the Zone of Proximal Development?
Describes a phenomenon in which people who agree to a small request are more likely to later agree to a larger request.
What is the Foot-In-The-Door Phenomenon?
Characterized by symptoms such as flashbacks and recurrent thoughts of a psychologically distressing event outside the normal range of experience.
What is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?
Wundt's Student who established the first formal U.S Psychology laboratory at Johns Hopkins University.
Who is Stanley Hall?
The brain's ability to change, especially during childhood, by reorganizing after damage or by building new pathways based on experience.
What is Plasticity?
In Piaget's theory, the stage (from about 2 to 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic.
What is the Preoperational Stage?
The tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition.
What is the Fundamental Attribution Error?
Characterized by extremely unstable interpersonal relationships, dramatic mood swings, an unstable sense of identity, intense fears of abandonment, manipulativeness and impulsive behavior.
What is Borderline Personality Disorder?