Learning
In classical conditioning, this is the term for a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without prior learning.
What is unconditioned stimulus?
This model outlines five broad dimensions of personality: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
What is the Big Five (or Five-Factor Model)?
This term describes the tendency for individuals in a group to exert less effort than when working alone.
What is social loafing?
This evidence-based approach focuses on changing unhelpful thoughts and behaviors, and is commonly used to treat anxiety and depression.
What is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)?
This psychological construct refers to the ability to manage work responsibilities alongside personal life demands without significant conflict.
What is work-life balance?
This type of reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behaviour by removing an unpleasant stimulus.
What is Negative Reinforcement?
According to Freud, this part of the personality operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification.
What is the id?
This researcher shocked the world with his experiment showing that ordinary people would administer painful electric shocks under authority pressure.
Who is Stanley Milgram?
This relaxation technique involves focusing on breathing and bodily sensations to reduce stress and increase present-moment awareness.
What is mindfulness meditation?
This type of organization operates primarily to serve the public interest, is funded by taxes, and includes entities like departments of health, education, and transportation.
What is a government organization?
This psychologist’s Bobo doll experiment showed that children can learn aggressive behavior by watching adults. (FULL NAME)
What is Albert Bandura?
This psychologist emphasized self-actualization and created a hierarchy of needs to explain human motivation. (FULL NAME)
Who is Abraham Maslow?
This technique involves making a small request first, followed by a larger one, increasing the likelihood of agreement.
What is the foot-in-the-door technique?
Low self-esteem, poor coping skills, and social isolation are examples of these, which increase the likelihood of developing mental health issues.
What are risk factors?
The bias where an individual tends to play it safe and rate employees at the mid-point.
What is central tendency bias?
This schedule of reinforcement delivers rewards after a set number of responses, like getting a free coffee after every 5 purchases.
What is a fixed ratio schedule?
This term refers to the idea that personality traits remain relatively stable over time, especially after early adulthood.
What is trait stability?
This phenomenon occurs when a group prioritizes harmony and consensus over critical thinking, often leading to poor decisions.
What is groupthink?
This therapeutic approach focuses on identifying and challenging distorted thinking patterns to improve emotional regulation and behavior.
What is cognitive reframing?
This sector of the 5-sector classification provides food and shelter in hotels, caring for children, and gardening and cleaning.
What is quinary?
This type of behavior emerges as a result of biological growth rather than experience, such as a baby learning to walk or a teenager developing abstract reasoning.
What is behavior due to maturation?
This unconscious process involves redirecting unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities, like channeling aggression into sports.
What is sublimation?
This psychological phenomenon explains why individuals are less likely to help in an emergency when others are present.
What is the bystander effect?
This manual, currently in its fifth edition, is used by clinicians to diagnose mental disorders based on standardized criteria. (FULL NAME)
What is the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)?
This type of communication flows from higher levels of management to lower levels, often involving instructions or policies.
What is downward communication?