School of Psychology
This early school of psychology, led by Wilhelm Wundt, focused on breaking consciousness into basic elements.
What is structuralism?
Newborns rely more on this sense than vision at birth.
What is hearing?
This ability allows children to understand that objects still exist when hidden.
What is object permanence?
This parenting style sets clear rules but explains them and listens to children.
What is authoritative parenting?
This type of research shows relationships between variables but cannot prove cause and effect.
What is correlational analysis?
This school of psychology focused on observable behavior and rejected the study of mental processes.
What is behaviorism?
This process involves decreased attention to a repeated stimulus.
What is habituation?
This term refers to a child’s inability to see the world from another person’s perspective.
What is egocentrism?
This attachment type is associated with confusion, fear, and disorganized behavior.
What is insecure-disorganized attachment?
This ethical principle requires that participants understand the study and agree to participate.
What is informed consent?
This approach emphasized how mental processes help individuals adapt to their environment.
What is functionalism?
This research method measures how long infants look at different stimuli.
What is preferential-looking technique?
A child can solve a logic problem, but struggles with hypothetical questions.
What is concrete operational stage?
The experiment that showed contact comfort is more important than food in attachment.
What is Harlow's monkey experiment?
This research method observes behavior without manipulating variables.
What is naturalistic observation?
This perspective emphasizes unconscious conflicts, early childhood experiences, and defense mechanisms.
What is psychoanalysis?
This experiment showed that crawling infants avoid a drop-off, demonstrating depth perception.
What is the visual cliff experiment?
This mental ability allows older children to understand that quantity stays the same despite changes in appearance.
What is conservation?
This procedure studies how infants react when caregivers leave and return.
What is the strange situation?
In an experiment, this variable is manipulated by the researcher.
What is independent variable?
This modern perspective focuses on how thoughts influence behavior and emotions.
What is cognitive psychology?
The limited window early in development when exposure to certain experiences is necessary for development to occur.
What is the critical period?
This ability allows a child to understand that others have their own thoughts, beliefs, emotions, and perspectives.
What is theory of mind?
This is marked by inconsistent behavior, high distress when left alone, and both clinging to and resisting their caregiver.
What is insecure-ambivalent attachment?
In an experiment, this group does not receive the treatment and is used for comparison.
What is control group?