Sensation vs. Perception
This is the process of detecting physical energy from the environment through sensory receptors.
What is sensation
This type of processing begins with individual pieces of sensory information and builds toward a complete perception
What is bottom-up processing
These photoreceptors are especially useful for vision in low-light conditions.
What are rods
This theory proposes that color vision depends on three types of cones that respond most strongly to different wavelengths of light.
What is the trichromatic theory
This sense allows you to detect chemicals in the environment that produce smells.
What is the olfactory sense
This is the brain's process of organizing and interpreting sensory information
What is perception
This type of processing uses previous knowledge, expectations, and experiences to interpret sensory information
What is top-down processing
These photoreceptors are responsible for color vision and detailed vision in brighter conditions.
What are cones
This theory proposes that color vision is organized into opposing pairs.
What is the opponent process theory
This sense helps you maintain balance and detect the movement and position of your head
What is the vestibular sense
True or False: Sensation and perception mean exactly the same thing
What is false
Focusing on your professor's lecture while ignoring conversations happening around you is an example of this.
What is selective attention
If you are walking outside at night, you are relying heavily on these photoreceptors
What are rods
Red and green form one of the opposing color pairs described by this theory
What is opponent process theory
You enter a room and immediately notice a strong smell. After being there for 20 minutes, you barely notice it anymore. This is an example of this process
What is sensory adaptation
You hear a series of sounds entering your ears. Your brain then determines that those sounds form a familiar song. The detection of the sounds is an example of this
What is sensation
You see an unclear word as "CAT" because the sentence around it makes you expect the word to be "CAT." This demonstrates this type of processing.
What is top-down processing
You need to identify the exact color of a friend's shirt in bright sunlight. Which photoreceptors are especially important
What are cones
After staring at a green image, you look at a white wall and see a reddish afterimage. This phenomenon supports this theory
What is opponent process theory
Riding a roller coaster can make you feel like you're moving or spinning because of stimulation of this sensory system
What is the vestibular sense
A person sees an unfamiliar object. Their eyes detect its shape, color, and size, and their brain combines this information to determine what the object is. Identify the sensory process and the perceptual process involved
What are sensation and perception
Explain the difference between bottom-up and top-down processing
What is Bottom-up builds perception from sensory information; top-down uses expectations, knowledge, and experience.
Compare rods and cones in terms of light sensitivity, color vision, and visual detail
What is Rods are more sensitive in dim light but don't provide color vision; cones work best in brighter light and provide color and greater detail.
Explain how the trichromatic theory and opponent process theory differ in explaining color vision
What is Trichromatic theory focuses on three types of cones; opponent process theory focuses on opposing color pairs such as red-green and blue-yellow.
Explain how sensory adaptation, the olfactory sense, and the vestibular sense are each involved in everyday experiences
What is Sensory adaptation reduces sensitivity to constant stimuli; olfaction detects smells; the vestibular sense helps with balance and head movement