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Section 4
More Vocab.
100
a) a type of learning that involves stimulus- response connections, in which the response is conditional on the stimulus
What is the definition of conditioning: a)a type of learning that involves stimulus- response connections, in which the response is conditional on the stimulus b)a previously neutral stimulus that, because of pairing with an unconditioned stimulus, now causes a conditioned response c) the tendency to respond in the same way to stimuli that have similar characteristics
100
in operant conditioning, a procedure in which reinforcement guides behavior toward closer approximations of the desired goal
What is shaping? a)in operant conditioning, combining the steps of a sequence to progress toward a final action b) in operant conditioning, a procedure in which reinforcement guides behavior toward closer approximations of the desired goal c)learning that is strengthened when behavior is followed by positive reinforcement
100
distributed learning
What is learning that occurs regularly and is distributed over time
100
conditioned response
What is a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus
200
a type of classical conditioning in which a previously desirable or neutral food comes to be perceived as repugnant because it is associated with negative stimulation
What is taste aversion: a) neutral food that is perceived as repugnant b) a learned response c) a stimulus that elicits an unlearned automatic response
200
a stimulus or event that follows a response and increases the frequency of that response
What is reinforcement: a) a response and increases the frequency of that response b)an increase the probability of a response because of their association with a primary reinforcer c)stimuli, such as food or warmth, that have reinforcement value without learning
200
observational learning
What is learning by observing and imitating the behavior of others
200
massed learning
What is learning that does not occur regularly but occurs all at one time
200
in classical conditioning, the ability to distinguish the conditioned stimulus from other stimuli that are similar
What is discrimination
300
a therapy procedure based on classical conditioning that replaces a negative response to a stimulus with a positive response
What is counterconditioning? a) a therapy procedure b) a classical conditioning c) a stimulus
300
in operant conditioning, combining the steps of a sequence to progress toward a final action
What is chaining?
300
vicarious
What is experienced indirectly through the experience of another
300
negative reinforcers
What is unpleasant stimuli that increase the frequency of behavior when they are removed
300
unconditioned stimulus
What is in classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits an unlearned, automatic response
400
a type of classical conditioning in which a previously desirable or neutral food comes to be perceived as repugnant because it is associated with negative stimulation
What kind of classical conditioning is taste aversion?
400
latent learning
What is learning that occurs but remains hidden until there is a need to use it
400
schedule of reinforcement
What is a timetable for when and how often reinforcement for a particular behavior occurs
400
encouraging stimuli that increase the frequency of a behavior when they are presented
What is positive reinforcers
400
in classical conditioning, the disappearance of a conditioned response when an unconditioned stimulus no longer follows a conditioned stimulus
What is extinction
500
a type of counterconditioning, used to treat phobias, in which a pleasant, relaxed state is associated with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli
Define systematic desensitization
500
partial reinforcement
What is a type of conditioned learning in which only some of the responses are reinforced
500
partial reinforcement
What is a type of conditioned learning in which only some of the responses are reinforced
500
the reinforcement of a desired response every time it occurs
What is continuous reinforcement
500
spontaneous recovery
What is the reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response after some time has passed
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