These waves can be detected by an EEG scan during stage 3 and 4 deep sleep.
What are Delta waves.
100
This is a form of self-hypnosis where a person can have a split in consciousness and/or be extremely aware of their own emotions and level of relaxation.
What is meditation.
100
A person that is craving cigarettes because of nicotine withdrawal may crave them even more after eating a meal, which might be a normal routine for this person, because of this form of dependence.
What is a psychological dependence.
100
This is a sleep disorder, usually suffered by overweight middle-age or older men, that is characterized by not breathing for a few seconds several times during the night.
What is Sleep Apnea.
100
This is a sleep disorder where people will have sudden bouts of sleep.
What is narcolepsy.
200
This is defined an event that decreases the behavior that it follows.
What is punishment.
200
This is a form of operant conditioning, where small rewards are earned that can be cashed in on a large reward, which works especially well in institutional settings such as prisons and elementary schools.
What is a token economy.
200
Why are daydreams so much more meaningful to psychologists than night dreams.
Because day dreams tell us much more about our motivations, drives, and unfulfilled needs.
200
This is a sleep disorder that involves walking around when asleep.
What is sleep walking or somnambulism.
200
What is the correct order of the five stages of sleep.
What is one, two, three, four, three, two, one, REM
300
This is a form of learning/conditioning that involves an animal or a person having a choice about being punished or reinforced.
What is Operant Conditioning.
300
If a person is given a reinforcement every time that a set amount of time goes by, then that person is on this type of reinforcement schedule.
What is a fixed interval schedule.
300
This type of reinforcement, which often comes along with another type of reinforcement, can be just as pleasant and powerful all other forms of reinforcement.
What is secondary reinforcement.
300
Any time that an animal becomes totally unresponsive to a conditioned stimulus, this has happened.
What is extinction.
300
When engaging in classical conditioning, this is the best time to present a neutral stimulus.
What is right before the unconditioned stimulus.
400
These are the brain waves that are emitted during stage 1 and 2 sleep, or when a person is extremely relaxed.
What are alpha waves.
400
This is the main difference between dreams that a person has in the REM state vs. ones that occur during deep sleep.
What is deep sleep dreams are sleep thoughts, such as "Black" or "Sun," while dreams during the REM state have a more story-like quality.
400
What is the theory of why we dream that states that we dream in order to sort out the day's events and to consolidate our memories.
What is Information Processing Theory.
400
According to Freud, this content in a dream must be interpreted by a trained psychoanalyst, because it represents a dream's meaning based upon unconscious thoughts and feelings.
What is latent content.
400
According to the rules of classical conditioning, this is defined as being able to respond to a conditioned stimulus that is similar to the exact conditioned stimulus (ex. dog chasing all cars, not just the owner's car).
What is stimulus generalization.
500
A person could teach a dog to sit using this process.
What is shaping.
500
This theory about why we dream states that dreaming is the natural byproduct of the cerebrum picking up random firing of the brainstem.
What is the Activation-Synthesis theory.
500
Because the REM state involves a very active brain and a nearly paralyzed body, it is often called this type of sleep.
What is paradoxical sleep.
500
This is defined as our awareness of ourselves and our environment.
What is consciousness.
500
This type of severe sleep disturbance occurs during stage 3 and 4 deep sleep.