Theoretical Orientations
This camp of psychology believes that the foundation of behavior is through conditioning processes.
Behaviorism
This psychologist is famous for his experiment demonstrating classical conditioning through the salvation of dogs.
Ivan Pavlov
Name for someone who provides direct mental health services to clients, usually in the form of talk therapy
Therapist, Clinician, Clinical Psychologist
A systematic approach used to investigate and understand natural phenomena, make observations, and test hypotheses
Scientific Method
A vital part of the human brain that connects the base of the brain to the spinal cord
Brain Stem
This approach to psychology was popularized by Sigmund Freud and focuses on the role of unconsciousness processes.
Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic
In a deception experiment utilizing electric shocks, this psychologist examined participants’ willingness to obey authority.
Stanley Milgram
A type of psychologist that works with teachers, families, and students to promote the mental well-being of students and promote a positive learning environment
School Psychologist
What you measure in an experiment that depends on the changes you make to the independent variable
Dependent Variable
This part of the brain plays a crucial role in executive functioning, motor function, speech production, personality and social behavior, and working memory
Frontal Lobe
A combination of behaviorism and psychodynamics, this psychological perspective supports the idea that an individual’s behavior is connected to their thoughts and feelings.
Humanistic
This psychologist conducted a famous experiment using a Bobo doll that measured children’s tendency to imitate behavior.
Albert Bandura
Name for a psychologist who works in the criminology or legal field, applying their psychological and statistical knowledge in criminal, court, and other legal settings
Forensic Psychologist
A term in classical conditioning that refers to when a stimulus is removed to increase a behavior
Negative Reinforcement
A part of the brain that is in charge of regulating and processing emotions, memory, and survival instincts
Amygdala
This approach was created as a response to behaviorism and places more emphasis on someone’s thoughts and emotions as well as their behaviors.
Cognitivism
Generating what we now know as operant conditioning, or the pattern of stimulus, response, and reinforcement, this psychologist experimented with rats, who were tasked with using a lever to obtain food.
B.F. Skinner
These psychologists work in an athletic environment, encouraging athletes to visualize their success and harness their motivation
Sports Psychologist
Newly developed field of study that integrates behavioral, psychosocial, and biomedical concepts to prevent, diagnose, and treat patients with psychosomatic disorders
Behavioral Medicine
A region of the brain that plays a crucial role in memory formation, spatial navigation, and emotional regulation
Hippocampus
A widely used psychotherapeutic approach that focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors to improve emotional well-being and alleviate psychological symptoms
CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy)
Through his stages of development, this psychologist identifies how children advance from the sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage, and formal operational stage.
Jean Piaget
A career in psychology centered on the workplace environment and workplace behavior
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
The brain's capacity to form new neural connections, reorganize existing ones, and adapt its structure and function in order to accommodate new information or tasks
Neuroplasticity
A group of nuclei, located deep in the brain, that is involved in the coordination of voluntary movements, as well as the regulation of motor learning, behavior, and emotion
Basal Ganglia