Substance Abuse and Addiction
Substance use equals
What is periodic use?
Inhibits the way neurons send, receive, and process signals
How do drugs affect neurotransmitters?
On average, a healthy adult needs 8 of these
What is 8 hours of sleep?
Dreams help us sort out the day’s events and consolidate our memories
What is information processing?
Thinking, memory, language, problem
solving
What is cognition?
A resource used to diagnose substance abuse
What is the DSM-5?
Main hormone affected by substance abuse
What is dopamine?
The hormone responsible for kickstarting circadian rhythm and immune support
What is melatonin?
Dreams preserve sleep and provide a “psychic safety valve”—expressing otherwise unacceptable feelings; contain manifest (remembered) content and a deeper layer of latent content (a hidden meaning)
What is Freud's wish-fulfillment theory?
Categories or groupings of information, images, ideas, or memories
What are schemas/concepts?
"I will only drink beer, no hard alcohol"
What is struggling to control the use of substances?
In the YouTube video shown in class, Susan got addicted to this substance
What is an opioid?
A person who chronically does not get enough sleep
What is sleep debt?
REM sleep triggers neural activity that evokes random visual memories, which our sleeping brain weaves into stories
What is neural activation?
Focusing on only one part of the issue to make a decision
What is anchoring bias?
Commonly viewed as a disease
What is SUD (substance use disorder)?
A person who is more susceptible to substance abuse
What are genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and mental health issues?
Sleep deprivation leads to poor attention, decision-making, long-term memory
What is cognitive function theory?
Regular brain stimulation from REM sleep may help develop and preserve neural pathways
What is physiological function?
We solve problems based on the first thing we think of (what is available to us)
What is availability heuristic?
Substance Use Disorder (SUD) has 4 signs
What is struggling to control use, interfering with life functioning, risky usage, and physical dependence?
Treatment for substance abuse
What is rehabilitation, therapy, support groups, etc?
Sleep may have played a protective role in
human evolution by keeping people safe during potentially dangerous periods
What is the evolutionary theory?
Dream content reflects dreamers’ level of cognitive development—their knowledge and understanding. Dreams simulate our lives, including worst-case
scenarios
What is cognitive development?
A mental shortcut that we use when
making judgments about the probability
What is a representative heuristic?