What is Psychology?
this is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
psychology
The Chemical Keys to Communication
Neurotransmitters
The chemical senses are
smell and taste
This is sensory awareness of the environment.
Consciousness
This is a relatively permanent change in behavior that arises from practice or experience
learning
this proposes reasons for relationships among events
theories
Two key language areas
Broca's area and Wernicke's area
Sensory stimulation that is below a person’s absolute threshold for conscious perception is termed this
subliminal stimulation
This is an altered state of consciousness in which people are suggestible and behave as though they are in a trance
hypnosis
a simple form of learning in which organisms come to anticipate or associate events with one another.
classical conditioning
He is the founder of psychoanalysis
S. Freud
This refers to the biological transmission of traits that have evolved from generation to generation
heredity
this is an active process in which sensations are organized and interpreted to form an inner representation of the world
perception
a type of meditation that provides clients with mantra-like techniques they can use to focus on the present moment rather than ruminate about problems
mindfulness
a simple form of learning in which an organism learns to engage in certain behavior because of the effects of that behavior.
operant conditioning
this focuses on learning observable behavior
behaviorism
A neuron relays its message to another neuron across a junction called a
synapse
this is the stimulation of sensory receptors and the transmission of sensory information to the central nervous system
sensation
this is widely used by sports psychologists to teach athletes how to relax muscle groups that are unessential to the task at hand so that the athletes can control anxiety and tension.
biofeedback
these increase the probability that the behavior will occur when they are applied
positive reinforcers
The first step of this is formulating a research question
scientific method
When children raised by adoptive parents are more similar to their biological parents in a particular trait, strong evidence exists for this role in the development of that trait.
genetic
When these relationships are ambiguous, or capable of being interpreted in various ways, people’s perceptions tend to be unstable, shifting back and forth
figure-ground
This psychoactive substance produces vivid and colorful hallucinations
LSD
This can be used to reinforce children when they are behaving appropriately and, when possible, to extinguish misbehavior by ignoring it.
behavior modification