Cognitive Psychology
This term refers to the process of taking in information from the environment and organizing it for perception memory and thinking
cognitive processing
This famous developmental theory proposed by Jean Piaget emphasizes the stages of cognitive development that individuals progress through from infancy to adulthood
Piagets theory of cognitive development
Persistent feelings of sadness hopelessness and lack of interest or pleasure in activities characterize this psychological disorder
major depressive disorder
This term refers to the tendency for people to conform to the behaviors attitudes and beliefs f a group, often resulting in changes to their own behavior or opinions
conformity
This influential theory proposed by Sigmund Freud suggests that human behavior is driven by unconscious desires and conflicts
psychoanalytic theory
This term refers to the mental processes involved in acquiring, storing, retrieving, and using information
what is cognitive processing
This term describes the process of adapting existing cognitive schemas to incorporate new information or experiences
assimilation
This psychological disorder is characterized by persistent worry, excessive anxiety, and physical symptoms such as restlessness and tension
generalized anxiety disorder
This term refers to the tendency to attribute other people's behavior to internal characteristics rather than considering situational factors
fundamental attribution error
According to Carl Rogers, this term refers to an individual belief in their own worth and ability to achieve personal growth and fulfillment
self-efficacy
This term refers to the mental process of actively organizing and interpreting sensory information to give it meaning and make it meaningful
perception
This term describes the emotional bond that forms between an infant and their primary caregiver, providing a sense of security and comfort
Attachment
This psychological disorder is characterized by persistent and irrational fears of specific objects, situations, and activities
phobia
This term refers to the tendency to favor members of one's own group over members of other groups, often leading to prejudice and discrimination
In-group Bias
This theory proposes that the interaction between personal characteristics and the social environment influences personality
Social-Cognitive Theory
This term refers to the mental processes that allow us to direct and control our thoughts, attention, and actions
Executive Functioning
This term describes the stage of cognitive development, according to Piaget, during which children begin to understand and represent the world through symbols, such as language and pretend play
Preoperational Stage
This psychological disorder is characterized by recurrent, intrusive thoughts or images and repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to alleviate anxiety
OCD
This theory suggests that people's attitudes beliefs, and behaviors are influenced by the norms and expectations of the social groups they belong to
Social Identity Theory
according to the trait theory of personality, this term refers to the degree to which an individual is outgoing, energetic, and seeks simulation in social situations
Extraversion
This term refers to the mental process of actively repeating information to maintain it in short-term memory
rehearsal
This term describes the stage of moral development, according to Kohlberg during which individuals follow societal rules and laws to avoid punishment and gain rewards
conventional stage of moral development
This psychological disorder is characterized by severe disturbance in eating behaviors, such as an intense fear of gaining weight, distorted body image, and self-starvation or binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors
eating disorder
This term refers to the psychological discomfort or tension that arises when an individual thoughts beliefs attitudes or behavior are inconsistent with each other or with social norms
cognitive dissonance
According to Albert Branduras social cognitive theory, this term refers to an individual belief in their own capabilities to execute courses of action required to achieve desired outcomes
self-efficacy