History, Scope and Methods
Who is the "Father of Psychology"
Wilhelm Wundt
What is classical conditioning?
Process by which we learn to associate stimuli, consequently, to anticipate events
What are the 3 basic functions of Memory?
Encoding, Storage, Retrieval
What is transduction?
The conversion from sensory stimulus energy to action potential
What are the two types of Nervous System?
Central and Peripheral
What does REM stand for?
Rapid Eye Movement
What is a schema?
Mental molds based on experience and perception
What is Introspection?
A process by which someone examines their own conscious and how those components combined to a result in our conscious experience
What is acquisition?
The initial period of learning in classical conditioning
Effortful processing
Requires a lot of work and attention in order to encode information
What is signal detection theory?
The ability to identify a stimulus when it is embedded in a distracting background
What are the four lobes of the brain?
Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, and Occipital
What is an Electroencephalogram?
An EEG monitors brain wave activity
What was the purpose of the Bobo Doll?
Used in studys to see if children would mimic the play style of an adult
Who established functional psychology?
William James, John Dewey, Charles Sanders Peirce
What is spontaneous recovery?
The return of a previously extinguished conditioned response following a rest period
What is Short-Term memory?
A temporary storage system that processes incoming sensory memory
What is depth perception?
Our ability to perceive spatial relationships in three-dimensional space
Name one purpose of the Amygdala
Experience emotions or meaning to memory
What stage of REM does dreaming occur?
Stage 5
What is preconventional morality?
Learning the laws and rules
What is Functionalism
How mental activities helped an organism fit into it's environment
What is stimulus discrimination?
When an organism learns to respond differently to various stimuli that are similar
What is Rehearsal?
lt moves information from short-term memory to long-term memory
What is Sensory Interaction?
When one sense affects another
What gland in the endocrine system is responsible for fight or flight?
Pituitary gland or Adrenal gland
How often do the five stages of sleep reset?
Every 90 minutes
At what age does selective pruning begin?
15
Who was Sigmund Freud?
Australian neurologist who was satisfied by patients suffering from "hysteria"
What is stimulus generalization?
when an organism demonstrates the conditioned response to stimuli that are similar to the condition stimulus
What is Long-term memory?
A continuous storage of information
What are 3 of the five tastes?
Salty, Sweet, Sour, Umami, and bitter
What is Neuroplasticity?
pruning and creation of new synapses
What gland is responsible for sleep?
The Pineal Gland
What is shaping?
reinforcements of approximations to a target behavior
What did Pavlov study?
A form of learning behavior called a conditional reflex
What is operant conditioning?
Organisms learn to associate a behavior and its consequence
What is arousal theory?
Strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories, and weaker emotional experiences form weaker memories
How is Intensity/Brightness represented on a light wave?
Amplitude
What is the Cerebral Cortex?
The outer layer of the brain consisting of gyri and sulci
What is one Sleep Disorder?
Insomnia, Sleep Apnea, Narcolepsy, Night Terrors, and Somnambulism
What is the difference between prosocial and antisocial modeling?
Prosocial- helpful/positive
Antisocial- Negative