Approaches to Psychology
The Life Span
The Workings of Mind and Body
Learning and Cognitive Processes
Personality and Individuality
100
Which of the following is NOT one of the four goals of psychology? A. to explain behavior B. to influence behavior C. to describe behavior D. to prevent behavior
to prevent behavior
100
Developmental psychologists believe that our behaviors are the result of ________. A. genetics B. learning C. both genetics and learning D. neither genetics nor learning
both genetics and learning
100
If identical twins that were raised in separate and very different households share the same talents and habits, then it probably means that ____. A. genetics played an important role in their behaviors B. environment played an important role in their behaviors C. genetics did not play a role in their behaviors D. environment did not play a role in their behavior
A. genetics played an important role in their behaviors
100
________ is the input, storage, and retrieval of what has been learned or experienced. A. memory B. recall C. storage D. schemas
What is memory?
100
The SAT was designed to predict a student's success in college, and is an example of an ____ test. A. achievement C. interest B. aptitude D. American College
What is aptitude?
200
Which is the correct order of the scientific method used by psychologists in their studies? *analyze data *collect data *formulate hypothesis *identify question
A. identify question, formulate hypothesis, collect data, analyze data
200
When a child realizes that an object continues to exist even though it cannot be seen or touched, the child is demonstrating the concept of ________. A. conservation B. object permanence C. assimilation D. accommodation
What is object permanence?
200
If a person flew to California, who lived in Michigan, he or she may have problems adjusting to the new time zone. In this example a person's _______, would not match the new environmental cues. A.Circadian rhythms B.Delta waves C.State of consciousness D.Hormone production
What are Circadian rhythms?
200
The brain uses ____, grouping information into sets, to store a phone number in short-term memory. A. encoding C. chunking B. retrieval D. the primary-recency effect
What is chunking?
200
Which of the following is NOT one of the uses of personality tests? A. measuring traits such as responsibility, self-control, and tolerance B. measuring how much a person has learned in certain area C. predict how a person might behave in the future D. identify problems and psychological disorders
B. measuring how much a person has learned in certain area
300
When an experimenter’s expectations about a behavior influence the results of his experiment, it is called a ________. A. self-fulfilling prophecy B. single-blind experiment C. double-blind experiment D. placebo effect
What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?
300
When children are rewarded for conforming they are learning social rules through ________ processes. A. role-taking B. modeling C. conditioning D. imitation
What is conditioning?
300
A primary goal of meditation is ____. A. relaxation B. physiological change C. learning D. focusing on the present moment
What is relaxation?
300
Rhymes, mental pictures, and associations that are used to help remember something are called ____. A. mnemonic devices C. relearning B. schemas D. recall
What are mnemonic devices?
300
In a(n) ________ test, a person is asked to give his or her own interpretations of various test stimuli A. heritability C. cultural bias B. objective D. projective
What is projective?
400
Which of the following statements about psychological experiments is MOST accurate? A. The participant’s expectations about an experiment do not influence results B. The purpose of a single-blind experiment is to guarantee that neither the participants nor the experimenter influence the results C. Both the experimenter’s expectations and the participant’s expectations can influence the results of an experiment D. The placebo effect describes a change in a patient’s illness or physical state that results solely from the medication administered.
C. Both the experimenter’s expectations and the participant’s expectations can influence the results of an experiment
400
Belonging to a(n) ________ is important to most adolescents and serves several functions. A. social learning theory B. clique C. conformity D. gender stereotypes
What is a clique?
400
Which of the following statements about marijuana is NOT TRUE? A. Marijuana use disrupts memory formation. B. Though not physically addictive, marijuana can be psychologically addictive. C. Studies suggest that marijuana use is more damaging to the lungs than cigarette use. D. The active ingredient in marijuana is amphetamine.
D. The active ingredient in marijuana is amphetamine.
400
A(n) ________ is a fixed set of procedures that, if followed correctly, will lead to a solution.
What is an algorithm?
400
In a(n) ________ test, a person must select one of a small number of possible responses. A. heritability C. cultural bias B. objective D. projective
What is objective?
500
__________ is a branch of mathematics that helps researchers organize and evaluate data. A. placebo effect C. statistics B. normal D. frequency distribution
What is statistics?
500
According to Erik Erikson, adolescents go through a(n) ________, a time of inner conflict in which they worry about their identities. A. asynchrony C. gender identity B. gender role D. identity crisis
What is identity crisis?
500
________ is the study of the meaning of words or phrases when they appear in sentences or contexts.
What is semantics?
500
________ is composed of the consistent, enduring, and unique characteristics of a person. A. personality C. contingencies of reinforcement B. trait D. defense mechanism
What is personality?
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