Classical Conditioning
Russian physiologist who observed conditioned salivary responses in dogs
Ivan Pavlov
An originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response
Conditioned stimulus.
He is famous for using his operant conditioning apparatus to study schedules of reinforcement on pigeons and rats.
BF Skinner
Increasing behaviors by presenting positive stimuli - I give students stickers for good grades.
Positive Reinforcement
Describes a schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker is paid for a certain sum for each product produced
Fixed ratio
A stimulus that unconditionally—naturally and automatically—triggers a response.
Unconditioned stimulus.
The learned response to a previously neutral stimulus.
Conditioned response.
He is famous for his study with cats and their ability to escape from puzzle boxes as a result of Operant Conditioning.
Edward Thorndike.
Increasing a behavior by removing something aversive (unliked) - students are behaving well, so I remove their seating chart.
Negative reinforcement
Describes the schedule of reinforcement wherein a worker receives a paycheck every Friday.
Fixed interval.
A naturally occurring response to the unconditioned stimulus - drooling when you smell food when you are hungry.
Unconditioned response.
A conditioning process in which the reinforcer is removed and a conditioned response becomes independent of the conditioned stimulus (aka: stops having an effect)
Extinction
An operant conditioning procedure in which reinforcers guide behavior toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior
Shaping
Stopping a behavior by adding an unwanted consequence - Hiccup's dad yelling at him.
Positive punishment.
A schedule where reinforcement happens after a varied length of time
Variable interval
The learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus
Discrimination
The reappearance, after a pause, of an conditioned response
Spontaneous recovery
The consequences that influence and strengthen behaviors (cause them to continue).
Reinforcers/reinforcement
Removing something desirable to stop current unwanted behavior - losing your car if you stay after curfew.
Negative punishment
A schedule where reinforcement happens after a varied number of responses/actions.
Variable ratio
Association
Transfer of a response learned to one stimulus to a similar stimulus
Generalization
Consequences that intend to stop an undesirable behavior.
Punishment
This states that actions that are rewarded are more likely to be repeated.
The Law of Effect
Which type: Whenever can get away to visit Toothless, Toothless receives fish.
Variable interval.