Addiction Basics
What is the national average number of serious recovery attempts?
About 5 attempts on average
What does impaired control mean in DSM SUD criteria?
Using larger amounts or longer periods than intended.
Name one of the four major categories of why people use substances.
Social, Enhancement, Coping, Conformity.
Name one common factor that improves treatment outcomes.
Empathy, instilling hope, recognizing strengths, evidence-based skills.
What is the main difference between inpatient and outpatient care?
Inpatient = 24-hour monitored setting; Outpatient = scheduled visits while living at home.
Define comorbidity/co-occuring
When two or more disorders occur in the same person at the same time or sequentially.
What is the severity range for mild SUD?
Mild = 2-3 symptoms.
Define social use.
Use to connect with others or in social settings.
What is the main difference between pre-contemplation and contemplation?
Pre-contemplation = not yet considering change; Contemplation = beginning to consider change.
What type of care is rehab considered?
Rehab is residential treatment.
What is the difference between a lapse and a relapse?
Lapse = brief return to symptoms; Relapse = full-blown return to disease state.
What does it mean if someone meets 6+ DSM criteria?
It indicates severe SUD.
What does negative reinforcement mean in substance use?
Using substances to remove or avoid negative feelings.
Why is treatment considered nonlinear?
People can move forward and backward between stages.
What is the purpose of the ASAM criteria?
To guide placement and treatment planning for SUD and co-occurring conditions.
What is the biopsychosocial approach to addiction?
A holistic approach that considers biological, psychological, and social factors.
Give an example of behavioral restriction in SUD.
Loss of interest in social, work, or recreational activities due to substance use.
What is incentive salience?
Substance cues gain motivational power through conditioning.
Name one of the 13 principles of effective treatment.
1.Addiction is a complex but treatable disease that affects brain function and behavior
2.No single treatment is appropriate for everyone
3.Treatment needs to be readily available
4.Effective treatment attends to multiple needs of the individual, not just their substance use
5.Remaining in treatment for an adequate period of time is critical
6.Behavioral therapies are the most commonly used forms of addiction treatment
7.Medications are an important element of treatment for many people, especially when combined with counseling and other behavioral therapies
8.An individual’s treatment and services plan must be assessed continually and modified as necessary to ensure that it meets his or her changing needs
9.Many drug-addicted individuals also have other mental disorders
10.Medically assisted detoxification is only the first stage of addiction treatment and by itself does little to change long-term substance use disorder
11.Treatment does not need to be voluntary to be effective
12.Drug use during treatment must be monitored continuously, as lapses during treatment do occur
13.Treatment programs should test clients for infectious diseases
Name one ASAM dimension (not the number, just the domain).
Withdrawal potential, Relapse potential, Environmental, Recovery potential.
Define evidence-based practice.
Integrating best research with clinical expertise and client needs.
How is tolerance different from withdrawal?
Tolerance = needing more for same effect; Withdrawal = negative effects when stopping.
Which reinforcement pathway explains using drugs to increase fun and peer approval?
Positive Reinforcement Pathway
What role does Maslow’s hierarchy of needs play in treatment success?
Basic needs (safety, food, shelter) must be met before higher-level change can succeed.
What are the four areas of addiction counselor competence?
Understanding addiction, Treatment knowledge, Application to practice, Professional readiness.