Humanistic
What is the Humanistic Perspective?
- focuses on the human potential
- you have the power to choose your own destiny
What is the Biological Perspective?
- how genetics influence behavior or how damage to specific areas of the brain affects personality.
What is the Cognitive Perspective?
- focuses on mental processes like memory, thinking, problem-solving, language, and decision-making
What is the Psychodynamic perspective?
- our unconscious mind influences our personality
- childhood experiences
What is the Behavioral Perspective?
This psychological concept is perhaps the most famous concept of humanistic psychology. It addresses the needs of human beings in a hierarchical structure.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
The 4 lobes (sections) of the brain
Occipital Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, and Frontal Lobe
Type of memory responsible for the temporary storage of information.
What is short-term memory?
This part of the unconsciousness seeks immediate gratification, is irrational, and impulsive. It plays the titular devil on our left shoulder to the angel on our right.
What is the "Id"?
a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired: a response which is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.
What is classical conditioning?
This term is used in the highest part of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs.
The need for human beings to reach their full potential and express themselves.
Self-Actualization
responsible for fear responses and memory of fear
The amygdala
a type of memorization technique that has the person repeat the same thing over and over again to transfer the information from short term memory to long term memory
maintenance rehearsal
plays the part of mediator between our primal desires and our rational brain
tried to satisfy both the ID and the Super-ego
What is the Ego?
is a method of learning that occurs through reinforcements and punishments. An association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior.
What is operant conditioning?
in this perspective, people believe the person or client is truly the center of the process.
the person or client has to do most of the work.
What is person-centered therapy?
A structure inside the brain responsible for the formation of long-term memories and the storage of memory for locating objects.
The hippocampus
Words in the beginning of a list tend to be remembered better than those in the middle of the list
primacy effect
an error in speech, memory, or physical action that occurs due to the interference of an unconscious subdued wish or internal train of thought.
Freudian slip
The term is one of the two types of reinforcement in psychology. It involves the addition of a reinforcing stimulus following a behavior that makes it more likely that the behavior will occur again in the future.
What is positive reinforcement?
A key element in the humanistic perspective. A therapist must create a warm, accepting, and completely uncritical atmosphere.
Respect towards clients and their feelings, values, and goals even if they are different from the therapist.
What is unconditional positive regard?
The chemical substance that blocks or reduces the effect of a neurotransmitter and the chemical that mimics or enhances the effect of a neurotransmitter.
Antagonist and Agonist
A type of amnesia where new long-term memories cannot be formed.
anterograde amnesia
The fifth stage of ego according to psychologist Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. This stage occurs during adolescence between the ages of approximately 12 and 18. During this stage, adolescents explore their independence and develop a sense of self.
What is Identity Vs. Role confusion?
This term is one of two types of punishments in psychology. It involves adding an unpleasurable stimulus to dissuade undesirable behavior.
What is Positive Punishment?