Concepts
Lang. Develop.
Problem Solving
?
Miscellaneous
100
This term refers to all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering and communicating
What is cognition
100
By about age 7, those who have not been exposed to either a spoken or a signed language gradually lose their ability to master any language. This illustrates the importance of this for language acquisition.
What is a critical period
100
Confirmation bias refers to the tendency to do what?
What is search for information that supports our preconceptions
100
Stockbrokers often believe that their own expertise will enable them to select stocks that will outperform the market average. What does this belief best illustrate>
What is overconfidence
100
Although intuition can at times hinder rationality, it is often adaptive because it facilitates these.
What are quick decisions
200
This is a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas or people
What is a concept
200
This is known as an impairment of language
What is aphasia
200
This is a methodical step-by-step procedure for solving problems
What is an algorithm
200
Just passing by a person who sneezes and coughs heightens our perceptions of various health risks. This best illustrate the impact of what?
What is the availability heuristic
200
Introductory psychology students performed best on a midterm psychology test if they had previously spent five minutes a day visualizing themselves doing this.
What is receiving a high midterm test grade
300
In the process of classifying objects, people are especially likely to make use of these
What are prototypes
300
Noam Chomsky suggested that all human languages share this.
What is universal grammar
300
After spending two hours trying to solve an engineering problem, Amira finally gave up. As she was trying to fall asleep that night, a solution to the problem popped into her head. This term best illustrates Amira's experience.
What is insight
300
The overconfidence phenomenon refers to the tendency to do what
What is underestimate the extent to which our beliefs and judgments are innacurate
300
These are the rules by which we derive meaning from sounds
What are sematics
400
When we use the word automobile to refer to a category of transport vehicles, we are using this word as a what?
What is a concept
400
Compared with deaf children exposed to sign language from birth, those who first learn sign language as teens are less likely to do this.
What is comprehend grammatical subtleties of sign language
400
A chess-playing computer program that routinely calculates all possible outcomes of all possible game moves best illustrates problem solving by this problem solving strategy.
What is an algorithm
400
People with opposing views of capital punishment reviewed mixed evidence regarding its effectiveness as a crime deterrent. As a result, their opposing views differed more strongly than ever. What does this best illustrate?
What is belief perserverance
400
People are less upset when they miss getting an early payment discount than when they are asked to bear a late payment surcharge. This best illustrates the importance of this.
What is framing
500
Eva had difficulty recognizing that a sea horse was a fish because it did not closely resemble her fish what?
What is her prototype
500
This is what Noam Chomsky attributed children's ability to readily pick up language.
What is a built-in readiness to learn grammar rules
500
Scientists are trained to carefully observe and record any research outcomes that are inconsistent with their hypotheses. This practice most directly serves to reduce this
What is confirmation bias.
500
A single, memorable case of welfare fraud can have a greater impact on people's estimates of welfare abuse than do statistics showing that the case is actually the exception to the rule. This illustrates that judgments are influenced by this.
What is the availability heuristic
500
In writing survey questions, political pollsters who want to gather evidence of people's support for particular viewpoints are especially likely to understand the impact of this.
What is framing
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