Psychology 1
a type of sampling that targets a particular group
Purposive sampling
the variable that you manipulate in order to cause a change in another variable
independent variable (IV)
information collected through observations and documentation of certain behaviours and patterns, or through experiments
empirical evidence
people who take part in a psychological study
participants
undesirable variables that can influence your experiment
extraneous variables
the correct rules of conduct necessary when carrying out psychological research
ethics
the cross-checking of information and conclusions in research
triangulation
the step-by-step process used by the researcher to carry out the study
procedure
tells exactly what questions should be asked, as well as the order of the questions
interview schedule
when researchers analyze data collected from a population at a specific point-in-time
cross-sectional research
the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other situations and to other people
external validity
research methods that emphasize objective measurements and the statistical analysis of data
quantitative
participants act differently simply because they know that they are in a study
demand characteristics
an in-depth investigation of human experience
a case study
the type of correlation study where it is impossible to know if x causes y, y causes x, if they interact to cause behavior, or whether it is just coincidental and the results are actually due to a third variable
bidirectional ambiguity
how the researcher interprets the data collected is known as what?
findings
during participant observations, researchers produce _______ which serve as record of what has been observed
field notes
participants are grouped based on a trait or behavior in the following type of experiments
quasi-experiments
this is both a set of questions, and the process of collecting and analyzing the responses
a survey
this type of case study represents more general phenomena of interest, such as losing a child, being homeless, or being diagnosed with cancer. The goal of such case studies is to draw conclusions that may be applied outside of that original case
instrumental case study
in-depth descriptions of individual experiences based on concepts, meanings, and explanations emerging from the data is called
rich data
when an experiment is completed where not only do the participants not know whether they are in the experimental or control group, but the person carrying out the experiment does not know the aim of the study, nor which group is the treatment and which one is the control group
double-blind control
this is sometimes used in non-participant observations to protect the study from participant reactivity
deception
the process of searching for knowledge which can be new knowledge, or support an already known fact is called
research
in an observation, the researcher only makes a note when the behaviour they are studying happens
event sampling