Biological Approach
This part of the brain is associated with memory formation and is often studied in relation to HM
Hippocamus!
This model suggests memory consists of sensory, short-term, and long-term stores.
Multistore model of memory
This theory explains how we develop identity based on group membership.
This disorder is characterized by persistent sadness and loss of interest.
Depression/ Major depressive disorder
This is the term for how well a study measures what it claims to measure.
Validity
These chemical messengers cross the synapse and influence behavior and emotion.
This concept explains how existing mental frameworks influence memory and perception.
schema theory
This study showed that culture and context play a role in the development of flashbulb memories
Kulkofsky 2011
This model explains mental illness as a result of both biological vulnerability and environmental stress.
Diathesis-stress model
This type of experiment takes place in a natural setting but the IV is still manipulated.
This study used monozygotic and dizygotic twins to investigate the heritability of despression.
Kendler
This model explains intuitive and rational thinking.
Dual process model of thinking and decision making
This theory refers to learning by observing and imitating others.
This theory suggests that irrational thoughts and negative schemas lead to the development of depression.
Beck's Cognitive theory of depression
A study uses a sample of only male university students to explore stress responses. What concern might this raise about the study's conclusions?
lack of population validity / generalizability
This term describes the brain’s ability to change in response to learning or injury.
Neuroplasticity
In this classic study, participants were asked to estimate speed based on leading questions.
Loftus and Palmer (1974)
This concept explains how people learn the norms of their own culture
enculturation
This study demonstrated the role of social factors in the development of depression in women in London
Brown and Harris
A researcher tells participants the study is about memory, but it's actually about obedience. What ethical and methodological issues does this raise?
deception and potential issues with informed consent
ecological validity
This gene is often linked to depression and was studied in relation to stressful life events.
5HTT (serotonin transporter gene)
This is a key limitation of the model that consists of sensory, short-term, and long-term stores.
Oversimplified
Doesn't explain emotion
Doesn't explain memory without rehearsal
These strategies explain what happens to an individual when two cultures come into contact.
Assimilation, Integration, Separation, Marginalisation
What are two key issues with the study of prevalence rates?
differences in diagnostic criteria (e.g., DSM vs ICD), and cultural or reporting biases
(Other acceptable answers: difficulties in accessing representative samples, stigma affecting self-reporting, variability in healthcare access.)
A famous case study like HM provided rich data but is often criticized in terms of research design. Evaluate two strengths and limitations of using case studies in psychology
strengths—rich detail, ecological validity
limitations—low generalizability, potential researcher bias, lack of control over variables