Topic 1: Introduction to Psychology
Topic 2: Happiness and Wellbeing
Topic 3: Psychological Research

Topic 4: Brain and Nervous System
Topic 5: Mental Health
100

What is psychology?

The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes.

100

What is happiness?

This term refers to a state of well-being and contentment.

100

This is the first step in the scientific method.

Identifying the research question?

100

What are dendrites?

This part of the neuron receives incoming messages.

100

What is the term referring to a state of emotional and psychological well-being. 

mental health

200

What is the psychodynamic perspective?

This perspective focuses on unconscious drives and childhood experiences.

200

What type of happiness is based on life satisfaction and emotional experiences.

Subjective wellbeing?

200

What is naturalistic observation?

This type of research method involves observing behavior in its natural environment.

200

What is serotonin?

This neurotransmitter is linked to mood regulation and is often associated with depression.

200

What is the mental health continuum?

This model places mental health on a spectrum from healthy to ill.

300

What is the behavioural approach?

This approach emphasizes observable behaviors and the ways they're learned.

300

What are hedonic and eudaimonic happiness?

Hedonic Happiness

  • Focus: Pleasure and enjoyment.
  • Definition: This type of happiness is about experiencing positive emotions and minimizing pain or discomfort. It emphasizes immediate gratification and personal satisfaction.
  • Examples: Enjoying a delicious meal, going on a vacation, or watching a favorite movie.

Eudaimonic Happiness

  • Focus: Meaning and self-realization.
  • Definition: This approach is about living in accordance with one’s values, achieving personal growth, and finding purpose in life. It’s more about long-term fulfillment than short-term pleasure.
  • Examples: Volunteering for a cause you care about, pursuing personal goals, or developing meaningful relationships.
300

What is random sampling?

This sampling method gives every member of the population an equal chance of being selected.

300

What is the medulla?

This brain structure regulates vital functions like breathing and heart rate.

300

What are risk factors of Mental Health. Identify 3

  • Genetic predisposition – Family history of mental illness.
  • Chronic stress – Long-term stress from work, school, or personal life.
  • Trauma or abuse – Experiencing physical, emotional, or sexual abuse.
  • Substance abuse – Misuse of drugs or alcohol.
  • Social isolation or loneliness – Lack of supportive relationships.
  • Chronic physical illness – Conditions like diabetes or chronic pain.
  • Unemployment or financial hardship – Economic stress can impact mental wellbeing.
  • Poor coping skills – Difficulty managing stress or emotions.
  • Low self-esteem – Negative self-image or lack of confidence.
  • Discrimination or stigma – Experiencing prejudice or social exclusion.
400

What is the cognitive perspective?

This perspective studies how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information.

400

What is the PERMA model of happiness?

This model includes Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment.

400

What is correlational research?

This type of research design identifies relationships but not causation.

400

What is neuroplasticity?

This concept refers to the brain’s ability to change and adapt as a result of experience.

400

What is the DSM-5? What does it include?

What does it include?

  1. Diagnostic Criteria

    • Clear guidelines for diagnosing each mental disorder based on symptoms, duration, and severity.

  2. Descriptions of Disorders

    • Detailed information about each disorder, including features, prevalence, development, risk factors, and cultural considerations.

  3. Categorization of Disorders

    • Disorders are grouped into categories such as:
      • Anxiety Disorders
      • Mood Disorders
      • Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
      • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
      • Personality Disorders
      • Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders

  4. Assessment Tools

    • Includes cross-cutting symptom measures and severity scales to help clinicians assess symptoms across different disorders.

  5. Cultural Considerations

    • Guidance on how culture can influence the expression and understanding of mental illness.
500

What is the biological perspective?

This approach explains behaviour through brain structures, neurotransmitters, and genetics.

500

Identify the three main parts of the hindbrain and their functions 

  1. Cerebellum: Function: Coordinates voluntary movements, balance, posture, and motor learning.

  2. Medulla Oblongata: Function: Controls vital involuntary functions such as heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure.

  3. Pons: Function: Acts as a bridge between different parts of the brain; involved in sleep, respiration, and facial expressions.

500

What does the type and strength of correlation refer to?

In a scatterplot showing the relationship between two variables, these two terms describe the direction and closeness of the relationship. One tells you whether the variables increase or decrease together, and the other tells you how strong that relationship is.

500

What is Alzheimer’s disease?

This disease is characterized by memory loss and is linked to neuron death in the brain.

500

What are the 4Ps of mental health?

These four types of factors—predisposing, precipitating, perpetuating, and protective—are used to understand the development and maintenance of mental illness. 

. Predisposing Factors

These are factors that make a person more vulnerable to developing a mental health condition.

Example:

  • A family history of depression or anxiety.
  • Childhood trauma or neglect.
  • Genetic predisposition to mental illness.

2. Precipitating Factors

These are immediate events or stressors that trigger the onset of a mental health issue.

Example:

  • Losing a loved one.
  • Experiencing a breakup or divorce.
  • Failing an important exam.

3. Perpetuating Factors

These are factors that maintain or worsen a mental health condition over time.

Example:

  • Lack of social support.
  • Substance abuse.
  • Negative thinking patterns or poor coping strategies.

4. Protective Factors

These are strengths or supports that help reduce the risk of developing mental health issues or aid in recovery.

Example:

  • Strong family and friend support networks.
  • Access to mental health services.
  • Good coping skills and resilience.
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