Antipsychotics
Formerly know as neuroleptics, used to treat psychosis
What are antipsychotic drugs?
Treatment of major depressive illness, anxiety disorders, and psychotic depression
What are antidepressants?
Used to treat bipolar disorder, treat acute episodes of mania
What are mood-stabilizing drugs?
Used to treat anxiety and anxiety disorders, insomnia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) depression, PTSD, and alcohol withdrawal.
What are Antianxiety Drugs (Anxiolytics)?
First used in the 1930s to treat psychiatric disorders, and highly abused to produce a high, or stay awake for long periods.
What are stimulants?
Plays an important role in anxiety, mood disorders, and schizophrenia.
What is serotonin?
Time release form of IM injection for maintenance therapy
What is depot injection?
chronic pain, migraine headaches, peripheral and diabetic neuropathies, panic disorder, and eating disoders
What are off-label uses of antidepressants?
Can cause severe rashes, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and rarely, life-threatening toxic epidermal necrolysis
What is lamotrigine?
Effective in relieving anxiety and are the drugs most frequently prescribed.
What are benzodiazepines?
Accounts for 90% of the stimulant medication given to children for ADHD.
What is methylphenidate?
Implicated in schizophrenia and other psychoses as well as in movement disorders such as Parkinson disease.
What is dopamine?
Acute dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and akathesia
What are Extrapyramidal Side Effects?
MAO inhibitors, SSRIs, Tricyclic and related antidepressants, other antidepressants
What are the groups of antidepressants?
Most established mood-stabilizer; serum levels are essential.
What is lithium?
A nonbenzodiazepine often used for the relief of anxiety.
What is buspirone?
Can cause life-threatening liver failure, can result in death in 4 weeks.
What is pemoline?
Implicated in severe anxiety disorders; may contribute to memory loss, social withdrawal, and depression.
What are norepinephrine and epinephrine?
Potentially fatal idiosyncratic reaction to an antipsychotic (neuroleptic) drug.
What is NMS (Neuroleptic malignant syndrome)
Life-threatening side effect from eating tyramine containing foods while taking MAOIs
What is hypertensive crisis?
Can cause hepatic failure and life-threatening pancreatitis
What is Valproic Acid and its derivatives?
Benzodiazepines mediate the actions of the amino acid _____, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?
What is GABA?
Weight loss, anorexia, nausea, and irritability.
What are side effects of stimulants?
Modulates other neurotransmitters
What is GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)?
Syndrome of permanent involuntary movements
What is tardive dyskinesia?
Can cause seizures at a rate four times that of other antidepressants
What is Bupropion?
Aplastic anemia and agranulocytsis can occur at at rate of 5 to 8 times greater that the general population.
What is Carbamazepine?
Chief problem encountered with the use of benzodiazepines.
What is physical dependence?
Known to have increased risks associated with second-generation antipsychotics.
What is metabolic syndrome?
Chemical substances that aid in the transmission of information throughout the body
What are neurotransmitters?