Pathophysiology & Etiology
What class of medications given during the perioperative period does a nurse have to consider when caring for a patient with a history of schizophrenia who is experiencing hallucinations?
What are anesthetics
Excessive daytime sleepiness is the most common symptom of this disorder.
What is obstructive sleep apnea
During data collection, and whenever available, the nurse does this as a first step when assessing a client for sleep apnea
What is ask the partner if they are awakened by the client’s snoring
A medication list of a patient with OSA includes NSAIDs, Opioids, anticonvulsants, and antidepressants. The nurse finds this drug class most concerning
What are Opioids
The nurse knows that this is an important follow-up question to ask a parent who reports their child has been talking to imaginary friends
What is, does your child seem frightened by this experience
The nurse notices rapid eye movements through closed eyelids immediately after a person in this age group falls asleep.
Who are newborns
A nurse attempts to distract a patient with this classic symptom of schizophrenia characterized by rigid false beliefs
What are delusions
Labeling items, making lists, and posting emergency numbers are examples of this nonpharmacologic therapy that help patients with schizophrenia develop compensatory techniques
What is Cognitive Remediation
The nurse considers this diagnosis as a priority nursing diagnosis when managing patients with schizophrenia
What is Suicide, Risk for
A client is diagnosed with schizophrenia. A physician orders haloperidol (Haldol) 50 mg bid, benztropine (Cogentin) 1 mg prn, and zolpidem (Ambien) 10 mg HS. Which client behavior would warrant the nurse to discontinue benztropine?
What is Tardive dyskinesia
A nurse is caring for a patient who was admitted with impaired intracranial regulation after a stroke. Because the patient works overnight the nurse acknowledges this biological rhythm as a potential contributory factor
What is the circadian rhythm
A nurse observes a patient who is admitted with psychosis is pacing, rocking, and expresses an internal feeling of restlessness. The nurse uses this term to document the symptoms.
What is Akathisia
A client experiencing disturbed thought processes believes that his food is being poisoned. The nurse responds in this therapeutic way
What is ask the client if they would like a different food option
When educating parents of adolescents about sleep changes during puberty, the nurse is aware that the delay in release in this hormone may result in delayed sleep phase syndrome
What is melatonin
This is the most appropriate nursing intervention when caring for an acutely agitated client with paranoid schizophrenia
What is provide personal space to respect the boundaries
These risk factors for schizophrenia include effects of birth complication, poor prenatal care, and in utero viral exposure
What are epigenetic factors
This alteration in executive function can lead to poor hygiene and the inability to initiate goal-directed activity
What is Avolition
The nurse knows that using a C-Pap produces positive air pressure, which will prevent
What is prevent collapse and obstruction of the airway
For this reason, when nurses are promoting sleep in older adults include warming blankets, flannel sheets, and educate them to wear warm clothing to bed
What are older adults have reduced ability to generate heat and maintain body temperature
This is an appropriate reply to instruct a parent who is managing a child who tells them that voices command him to harm others
What is Focus on the feelings generated by the hallucinations and present reality
This type of sleep is characterized by four stages and makeup about 80% of sleep during the night
What is non-REM sleep
This condition results in excessive daytime sleepiness despite adequate nighttime sleep, resulting in sleep attacks and cataplexy
What is narcolepsy
Distraction, positive self-talk, and exercise are used in this type of therapy to help patients with schizophrenia cope with their symptoms
What is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
For patients with schizophrenia, nurses initiate these four interventions directed towards promoting safety and preventing injury
What are administered antipsychotics meds, ensure a safe environment free from harmful objects, minimize environmental stimuli, monitor for suicidal behavior
After taking chlorpromazine (Thorazine) for 1 month, a client presents to an emergency department (ED) with severe muscle rigidity, tachycardia, and a temperature of 105 F (40.5C). The nurse expects the physician to recognize which condition and implement which treatment?
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and treat by discontinuing Thorazine and administering dantrolene (Dantrium)