Week 1
Hematologic
Hematologic
Week 2
Cardio-pulm
Cardio-pulm
Week 3
Cardiac
Cardiac
Week 4
Pulmonary
Pulmonary
Gold bar case studies
100
Which pathologies are likely to present with lymph node swelling?
Answer: Hodgkin’s and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 331
100
Which valves are closed to prevent backflow during ventricular systole?
Answer: AV valves [Tricuspid & Mitral (bicuspid)]
Resource: O’Sullivan pg 419
100
What condition occurs when a thrombus obstructs a coronary artery?
Answer: Myocardial infarction
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 274
100
Which lung volume or capacity is represented by the maximum amount of air that the lungs can hold after maximum inhalation?
Answer: Total lung capacity
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 7.68E307
100
A 16-year-old patient presents with a chronic productive cough, frequent lung infections, and difficulty gaining weight despite a good appetite. The patient's medical history notes thick mucus secretions and a family history of genetic disorders. Pulmonary function tests show reduced expiratory flow rates. Question: What pathology is most likely present in this case?
Answer: Cystic fibrosis
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 393
200
What lab value terminology would be indicated by a hemoglobin of 25 g/dL in an adult male?
Answer: Polycythemia
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 7.68E295
200
Define cardiac output.
Answer: The volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per minute
Resource: O’Sullivan pg 418
200
What precautions will be in place after a patient undergoes a triple coronary artery bypass graft?
Answer: Sternal precautions
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 266 box 9.1
200
Name 3 lung volumes or capacities that decrease with restrictive lung disease.
Answer: VC, FRC, RV, ERV, and TLC
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 389, O’Sullivan pg 391
200
A 72-year-old male with a history of hypertension presents with shortness of breath when lying flat, and fatigue. Lung auscultation reveals crackles at the bases. He also reports waking at night gasping for air. Question: What type of heart failure is most likely affecting this patient?
Answer: Left sided heart failure
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 279
300
Name 3 causes of hypovolemic shock
Answer: Hemorrhage, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, burns, Addison’s disease
Resource: Goodman & Fuller Table 10.1
300
Name the heart rhythm seen in the picture
Answer: Atrial fibrillation
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 288, O’Sullivan pg 444
300
How does metoprolol decrease hypertension and angina?
Answer: It decreases the heart rate and contractility, leading to decreased cardiac output and lower blood pressure. It also reduces the heart's oxygen demand, which helps relieve chest pain in angina.
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 263 Table 9.5
300
What type of breathing pattern will cause a decrease in blood pH?
Answer: Hypoventilation
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 39
300
A 67-year-old female with a history of COPD presents with swelling in her ankles, abdominal bloating, and jugular vein distention. She reports feeling full quickly and has gained weight recently without dietary changes. Question: What cardiac condition is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
Answer: R sided heart failure
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 279
400
Name 4 components of a complete blood count (CBC) blood draw.
Answer: Hematocrit, hemoglobin, RBC, WBC, and platelets
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 7.68E294
400
Name the heart rhythm seen in the picture
Answer: Sinus Bradycardia (300/8 = 37 bpm)
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 288, O’Sullivan pg 444
400
How is nitroglycerin administered?
Answer: Sublingually
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 270
400
What type of breathing patterns is represented by deep respirations at an increased rate?
Answer: Kussmaul’s respirations
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 210
400
A 62-year-old male with a history of smoking and diabetes reports leg pain and cramping during walking that resolves with rest. His lower extremities are cool to the touch with weak pulses. Question: What vascular pathology does this presentation suggest?
Answer: Peripheral vascular disease
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 301
500
What lab values would indicate anemia in an adult female?
Answer: Hematocrit < 36 and/or hemoglobin <12 g/dL
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 7.68E295
500
Name the heart rhythm seen in the picture
Answer: Sinus Tachycardia (300/2.5 = 120 bpm)
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 288, O’Sullivan pg 444
500
What group of cardiac medications will cause frequent urination and possible resulting dehydration, hypotension, and electrolyte imbalances?
Answer: Diuretics
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 264 Table 9.5
500
Where does the fluid in pulmonary edema accumulate?
Answer: in the interstitial tissue and/or alveoli
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 400
500
A 68-year-old male with a long history of smoking presents with shortness of breath, especially with exertion. He has a thin build with a barrel-shaped chest and uses accessory muscles to breathe. Auscultation reveals diminished breath sounds and prolonged expiration. Question: What respiratory condition does this patient most likely have?
Answer: Emphysema
Resource: Goodman & Fuller pg 379