Palpation and Bandaging
To examine a part of the body by sense of touch
palpate
What type of leg rests would you choose for a patient with LE edema?
elevating leg rests
When a patient lifts their lower back and hips up to assist with changing linens, scooting up in bed or pressure relief
Bridging
keep hand flat - do not put through hole or along edge of board
What landmark is used to fit FWW, cane or crutches?
wrist crease
When palpating for a muscle, what can you use to help you know what you are palpating?
bony landmarks
(will also accept contract muscle)
What type of wheelchair cushion is lightweight and inexpensive, but can "bottom out" easily
foam
Which direction would you roll a patient who has hemiplegia and why?
towards their weak side, to allow them to assist with bending up knee and reaching across
Where and how does the clinician position themselves for an assisted squat pivot transfer?
in front of the patient with wide BOS and low CoM
When you are guarding on the steps, where should the PTA always be?
down the stairs from the patient, in the direction that they are most likely to fall (weaker side)
After bandaging a patient, how would you check for circulation?
check capillary refill and pulses below the level of the bandage
What wheelchair component adds postural stability, adds weight to the chair and can be used for offloading weight off the buttocks
arm rests
T/F You want to encourage a patient who had a CVA to use their weaker UE as much as possible.
True
Name and define the 5 levels of weight bearing
FWB = 100%
WBAT = as much as able to tolerate
PWB = 30-50%
TTWB = only used for balance
NWB = no weight on LE
Explain procedure of going down stairs with B axillary crutches with a patient who has R LE injury
crutches and R LE first, then L LE
PTA guarding on the R side below the patient
What type of bandaging technique is used over joints and why?
figure of 8, to allow the joint to move and the bandage to stay in place
What are the 3 systems that contribute to maintaining balance?
vestibular, vision and proprioception
When do you need to instruct a patient to perform a log roll for bed mobility
when they have spinal precautions
Describe a SPT with a patient who is NWB on R LE
Use B AD (crutches or walker), kick NWB LE forward, have patient push up from surface, once standing reach for AD, chair will be set up on stronger side, clinician guarding on weaker side, turn fully keeping leg bend back with no weight on it, reach back, kick NWB LE forward again and sit
Describe 2-point gait pattern
2-point = L LE and R crutch then RLE and L crutch, can also be with 1 UE AD such as cane, would advance with opposite LE
What type of roller bandage is typically used when someone has a sprain or strain?
Elastic Roller Bandage
Name 3 common compensations for poor balance in standing
wide BoS, lower CoM, use of UE for support, Decreased trunk rotation
1 in front and 1 behind - legs and trunk
What do you need to be aware of when performing a SPT with a patient who underwent THR, posterior approach?
That they don't flex hip past 90 (height of surface)
no IR of hip, cautious when going to the string side
no adduction of the hip
Explain progression of AD from stability to mobility
parallel bars ->walker-->B axillary crutches -->B canes --> hemiwalker -->quad cane -->SPC--> no device