Basics
What causes PTSD?
Traumatic event
Re-experiencing is?
Flashbacks, nightmares, distressing memories of trauma
*can include physical symptoms: ^ HR & sweating*
What is the fear center?
Amygdala
What is first-line treatment?
Psychotherapy
As always, what's the nurse's top priority?
Safety
What long do symptoms need to occur for diagnosis?
> 1 month
Give an example of avoidance
Avoiding people, places, or situations associated with trauma, emotional numbness, withdrawal from activities
What is the memory center?
Hippocampus
*bc we'd remember if we saw a HIPPO on CAMPUS*
What is the main therapy type?
CBT
What is the key nursing intervention?
Emotional support
What is the core issue?
Inability to cope with trauma
These symptoms affect thinking patterns and emotional regulation
*persistent negative beliefs
*guilt or shame
*loss of interest in activities
*feelings of detachment
What is the decision-making center?
Prefrontal cortex
Which therapy specifically focuses on processing the traumatic memory safely?
Trauma-focused CBT
What should the nurse assess?
Both psychological and physical symptoms
*psych: trauma hx, emotional response, coping mechanisms, suicidal thoughts
*phys: VS, sleep disturbances, avoidance, irritability
What is the functional impact?
Distrupts daily life
What is hyperarousal?
The body remains at a constant state of alertness
*eg: hypervigilance, difficulty concentrating, sleep issues, exaggerated startle response*
What key stress hormone increases?
Norepinephrine
Which med is used to help prevent nightmares?
Prazosin
What is something the nurse should teach a pt with PTSD?
PTSD is TREATABLE
Medication adherence and therapy participation
Healthy coping mechanisms and stress mgmt techniques
What type is this disorder?
Trauma-related
What are some common comorbidities?
depression, SUD, anxiety disorder, panic disorder, SI
What system is affected?
HPA axis
What therapy gradually confronts trauma reminders in a controlled environment?
Exposure therapy