PTSD
What does PTSD stand for
What are the three parts of Morality?
Ability to understand the consequences of one's actions
Ability to judge actions on the basis of value
Ability to choose based on understanding the consequences of ones intended actions
What parts of the brain are used in fear learning?
Hippocampus and Amygdala
How many participants were in the study
90
What is Proff. Bettina's worst fear?
Spiders
What are common symptoms of PTSD
nightmares, flashbacks, depression. issues with mood and cognition.
What is moral injury?
an injury to a person's conscience after a moral transgression
Associated with strong feelings of guilt and shame
What network plays a roll in autobiographical memory?
posterior default mode network
What were the two groups used in the study?
Control: exposure to MI
Experimental: MI with PTSD
What is the name of our paper?
How the body remembers: Examining the default mode and sensorimotor networks during moral injury autobiographical memory retrieval in PTSD
What was the for diagnosis and severity of PTSD symptoms?
CAPS 5. Clinician administered PTSD Scale
Does every moral injury result in PTSD?
No. Someone can experience a moral injury without experiencing PTSD.
Describe the roll of the posterior default mode network
crucial for episodic memory retrieval as well as scene construction. Includes regions such as the anterior medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and angular gyrus
Briefly describe the methods used in this study.
Questionnaires to assess PTSD and MI symptoms. Scans at resting before and after exposure to neutral memory and MI memory.
Past bipolar disorder, psychotic disorder, substance use disorder, neurological development disorder, untreated medical illness, previous loss of consciousness
People with PTSD use a _____ way of processing memories.
a. top down
b. sensorimotor
c. dorsal lateral
d. bottom up
bottom up. sensorimotor activation and environmental experiences are embodied in the memory of the traumatic even
What scale was used to determine the prescience and severity of MI?
MIES. The moral injury events scale.
What are the two parts of Dual Representation Theory and what part is more active in someone with PTSD?
Verbally Accessible Memory: Memory that is story-like and can be consciously recalled and described in words
Situationally Accessible Memory: Memory that is based on sensory and emotional experiences (sights, sounds, body sensations)
People with PTSD have more of the memory stored in situationally accessible memory
What were the results of the study?
Increased connectivity and activity in SMN and pDMN brain regions of participants with PTSD compared to those without PTSD.
What is the name of the author who wrote the book "How The Body Keeps The Score"
Bessel van der Kolk
The ______ experiences decreased activity and the _____ experiences increased activity in people with PTSD.
medial prefrontal cortex, amygdala
What was the number scale used to measure moral injury?
1-4
Name 2 of the brain regions in the sensorimotor network?
Sensorimotor area, frontal gyrus, pre central and post central gyri, precuneus, superior parietal lobule.
What are some limitations of this paper?
Did not identify those participants with PTSD who met criteria for the dissociative subtype as a separate group. The spatial resolution of the dataset was not conducive to exploring brainstem-level functional connectivity (as the brainstem helps with self-reflection). A more detailed brain imaging technique could have helped look at the brainstem and midbrain more closely as those structures are also involved in sensorimotor processing
Where did this study take place?
Western University, London, Ontario, Canada