Measures of Central Tendency
Also called arithmetic average
Mean
The spread of the data
Variability
A graph of the frequencies of different values of a variable in a statistical distribution
Distribution curve
Used to present the relationship between two continuous variables
Scatterplots
Refers to the number of cases of a disease or other health phenomenon being studied
Count
Middle point of a set of numbers
Median
Maximum – minimum value
Range
A type of graph that shows the frequency of cases for categories of a categorical variable
Bar chart
Ranges from –1 to +1; the value 0 means no relationship
Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r)
The value obtained by dividing one quantity by another; A/B
Ratio
Number occurring most frequently in a set or distribution of numbers
Mode
In Interquartile Range, the data is assorted into what type of order?
Ascending order
Shows the proportion of cases according to several categories- used for categorical variables
Pie chart
Relationships between two variables is studied and presented either numerically or graphically
Bivariate relationships
A type of ratio in which the numerator is part of the denominator, may be expressed as a %
Proportion
A value that describes the data
Central tendency
Measure of dispersion (how spread out the numbers/scores are
Standard deviation (SD)
Used to display trends, points in the graph are joined by a line
Line graph
Another method for demonstrating associations between two categorical variables
Contingency Table (2x2 table)
A proportion multiplied by 100 [A/(A+B)]*100
Percent
Measures of central tendency are typically used for these types of variables
Continuous variables
Range of the middle 50% of the scores in a distribution
Interquartile range (IQR)
For studies that have hundreds or thousands of participants, this is used to get an understanding of responses and missing values
Frequency tables
When we calculate [blank], we can answer a question: As x increases, does y increase/decrease/stay the same?
Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r)
Also a type of proportion, but the denominator involves a measure of time
Rate