HIV Basics
This virus attacks the immune system and can lead to AIDS if untreated.
What is HIV?
People who have the disease and test positive are called this.
What are true positives?
PVP tells us the chance that a person who tested positive actually has the disease.
What is Positive Predictive Value?
Dr. Brown wanted to do this type of HIV testing in the ER.
What is routine rapid HIV screening?
EPHS #2 focuses on investigating and diagnosing these.
What are health problems in the population?
HIV weakens this part of the body that fights infections.
What is the immune system?
People who do NOT have the disease but test positive are called this.
What are false positives?
PVN tells us the chance that a person who tested negative truly does not have the disease.
What is Negative Predictive Value?
The hospital used in the study was this university hospital.
What is George Washington University Hospital?
Routine screening helps find people who don’t know they have HIV, reducing this.
What is disease spread (transmission)?
Without treatment, HIV can progress to this more advanced stage of disease.
What is AIDS?
Sensitivity measures how well a test correctly identifies these people.
Who are people who actually have the disease?
As disease prevalence increases, PVP usually does this.
What is increase?
The ER was chosen because many patients lacked this.
What is regular healthcare or a primary doctor?
Health equity means everyone has a fair chance to achieve this.
What is good health (or healthcare access)?
HIV is mainly spread through contact with ___?
What is body fluids?
Specificity measures how well a test correctly identifies these people.
Who are people who do NOT have the disease?
As disease prevalence decreases, false positives become this.
What is more common?
Patients who test positive would be referred for these services.
What are counseling, medical care, and treatment?
Emergency departments help promote equity because they serve people who may lack this.
What is access to regular healthcare or insurance?
Modern medicine can allow people with HIV to live this type of life.
What is a long, healthy (normal) life?
Prevalence means _____.
What is how common the disease is in a population?
In low-prevalence populations, negative results are usually very this.
What is reliable (accurate)?
Scenario 3 had the highest prevalence and therefore the highest this value.
What is Positive Predictive Value (PVP)?
Scenario 3 was the most efficient because most positive results were this.
What are true positives?