Ecological Perspective
Intervention Wheel
Epidemiology Calculations
Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Prevention
Research Study Design
100
An overweight, middle aged man has just been diagnosed with hypertension. He decides that it is time to make some changes in his life. He starts to incorporate low fat and low sodium foods into his diet. He exercises for thirty minutes three times a week. Considering the ecological perspective, what level of influence is described in the scenario?
What is intrapersonal
100
During a CPR refresher course, the public health nurse demonstrated how to properly perform CPR. The class was divided into two groups. The nurse asked his/her assistant to monitor one of the groups as they practice the skills. Which intervention does this represent?
What is delegated functions
100
Recently the CDC has been investigating the outbreak of a deadly fungal infection that has contaminated steroid injections. The outbreak has extended across 35 states, across all parts of the United States. Currently 63 people have died after receiving the injection, 60 of those dead were confirmed to be due to fungal infections. The number of people that have received the injection is 40, 000 people. Not all the people that have received this injection will become infected but they are at risk to develop the infection. Currently there are 619 total cases of infected people. However the CDC just identified 23 new cases of people that received the injection and are currently infected. WHAT IS THE INCIDENCE RATE?
What is 23 new cases/ 40,000 total population = (0.00)
100
The mother brings her 2 month old baby to the pediatrician who informs her about the importance of the pneumococcal vaccine. The mother is in agreement for her child to participate in this vaccine schedule which indicates what type of prevention?
What is Primary prevention
100
A public health nurse is conducting a study about patients with HIV. The nurse was able to conduct her study but because HIPPA regulations prevented her from getting data on individuals, she was only able to obtain group data. This could result in which design flaw?
What is Ecological Fallacy
200
The employee health nurse at a community hospital recognizes that many of the hospital employees are smokers. She institutes a program for smokers attend where nicotine replacement and counseling are offered to help them quit their habit. Considering the ecological perspective, what level of influence is described in the scenario?
What is institutional
200
Public health nurses set up a booth at the Susan Komen Breast Cancer 5K Run. They want to provide people with education and resources regarding breast cancer screening. Which intervention does this represent?
What is outreach
200
Recently the CDC has been investigating the outbreak of a deadly fungal infection that has contaminated steroid injections. The outbreak has extended across 35 states, across all parts of the United States. Currently 63 people have died after receiving the injection, 60 of those dead were confirmed to be due to fungal infections. The number of people that have received the injection is 40, 000 people. Not all the people that have received this injection will become infected but they are at risk to develop the infection. Currently there are 619 total cases of infected people. However the CDC just identified 23 new cases of people that received the injection and are currently infected. Calculate out the prevalence rate?
What is 619 Existing cases/ 40,000 total population = (0.015)
200
The hospital implements a protocol for routine screening of fecal occult blood tests to detect treatable problems such as colon cancer earlier in its stage. What kind of prevention is this?
What is secondary prevention
200
A study is being carried out on rats in a laboratory setting to understand the effects of eating genetically modified corn over time and how it could be linked to cancer. What type of study would be compatible for this investigation?
What is randomized trial
300
The Health Care Affordable Act, which makes insurance companies pay for preventative healthcare is an example of what layer of influence in the ecological perspective?
What is public policy
300
The public health nurse, coordinator at a community outreach facility, case manager, and physician works together to develop a plan for a homeless HIV client to find a shelter and a pharmacy who will dispense his/her antiviral medication using Husky insurance. Which intervention does this represent?
What is collaboration
300
Recently the CDC has been investigating the outbreak of a deadly fungal infection that has contaminated steroid injections. The outbreak has extended across 35 states, across all parts of the United States. Currently 63 people have died after receiving the injection, 60 of those dead were confirmed to be due to fungal infections. The number of people that have received the injection is 40, 000 people. Not all the people that have received this injection will become infected but they are at risk to develop the infection. Currently there are 619 total cases of infected people. However the CDC just identified 23 new cases of people that received the injection and are currently infected. What is the annual mortality rate?
What is 63 total dead/40,000 = (0.001)
300
A sexual education forum is provided to a high school about different forms of contraceptives and how to use them to prevent teenage pregnancy. What form of prevention does this represent?
What is primary prevention
300
A study was conducted on men that lived in Waterford, CT. The exposed group of men consumed fish caught within a 10 mile radius of the power plant in Waterford 5 timesm a week. The non-exposed group of men did not consume fish at all but also lived in Waterford. The study was looking to see which men developed stomach cancer. What type of study was conducted?
What is Cohort Study
400
Since knowledge is necessary for but not sufficient to produce most behavior and attitude changes in individuals, what must the public health nurse consider when trying to cause broad change?
What is the broader detriments of health/social barriers
400
Public health nurses are actively collecting data from hospitals and clinics regarding any STD testing & its results. Which intervention does this represent?
What is surveillance
400
Recently the CDC has been investigating the outbreak of a deadly fungal infection that has contaminated steroid injections. The outbreak has extended across 35 states, across all parts of the United States. Currently 63 people have died after receiving the injection, 60 of those dead were confirmed to be due to fungal infections. The number of people that have received the injection is 40, 000 people. Not all the people that have received this injection will become infected but they are at risk to develop the infection. Currently there are 619 total cases of infected people. However the CDC just identified 23 new cases of people that received the injection and are currently infected. Calculate the case fatality rate.
What is 60 dead due to fungal infection/679 existing cases = (0.096)
400
A chronic pain management support group for a woman with fibromyalgia is recommended by the doctor to maximize her quality of life and prevent depression. Which type of prevention does this indicate?
What is tertiary prevention
400
I am conducting a study on residents living in a senior assistant facility. 30% of the residents developed shingles, while the other 70% of the residents did not. I want to compare, explore and investigate their exposure history. What kind of study am I conducting?
What is Case-control study
500
The public health nurse wants to create an intervention that will help women become more aware about breast cancer. Keeping in mind that the nurse needs to have a population based intervention, should she target only those without insurance or should she target all women at risk?
What is all women at risk
500
The public health nurse establishes a billboard for October’s breast cancer awareness month. Which intervention does this represent?
What is social marketing
500
Recently the CDC has been investigating the outbreak of a deadly fungal infection that has contaminated steroid injections. The outbreak has extended across 35 states, across all parts of the United States. Currently 63 people have died after receiving the injection, 60 of those dead were confirmed to be due to fungal infections. The number of people that have received the injection is 40, 000 people. Not all the people that have received this injection will become infected but they are at risk to develop the infection. Currently there are 619 total cases of infected people. However the CDC just identified 23 new cases of people that received the injection and are currently infected. What is the proportionate motality?
What is 60 dead from fungus / 63 total dead = (0.952)
500
The physician who tells his patient with hypertension to take a daily, 100 mg aspirin to prevent a heart attack. What type of prevention is this?
What is secondary prevention
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