Key Terms
Definition of Public Health
Collective societal actions to ensure conditions for health
Bonus Question: What school did Mr. Polachart graduate from?
UC Berkeley
Bonus Question: Who won the Album of the Year at the Grammy's?
Bad Bunny
What are the core functions of Public Health?
Assessment, policy development, assurance
Difference between State and Local Agencies?
State agencies set policies, regulations, and standards, local agencies implement and enforce programs
WHO Health Definition?
What is Social Determinants of Health?
conditions and environments of where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age effecting outcomes
What are Health Disparities?
Differences of health status among population growth
What are the levels of prevention?
Primordial, Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
How do SDOH impact health outcomes?
Education and quality access --> lower income opportunities --> reduced healthcare access --> higher chronic disease
Difference between Personal and Public Health?
Individual decisions vs. Population Focused Interventions
What are the five domains?
economic stability; education; health care access; neighborhood/built environment; social/community context.
What are health inequities?
Systemic, avoidable and unjust differences
What is upstream vs. downstream?
Upstream = address social conditions and root causes, Downstream = treat disease and manage outcomes
Bonus Question: How old is Mr. Polachart?
27
What are the four factors affecting community health?
Physical, Social/Cultural, Community Organization, and Individual Behaviors
What is the expanded domain?
Food
What is Health Equity?
Achieving highest health level for all by addressing unequal conditions
What is the Social Ecological Model?
Health shaped by interacting levels (individual, interpersonal, community, organizational, societal)
What are the levels of prevention?
Prevention occurs before disease (primary and primordial), during early detection (secondary), and after diagnosis to reduce complications (tertiary)
What is the epidemiology milestone?
John Snow linking cholera to a contaminated water source and removing the handle from the communal water pump
What are Structural Drivers?
Systemic factors shaping opportunity and exposure to risk (e.g., racism).
What is the Wealth-Health Gradient?
Health improves stepwise with higher socioeconomic status
What is the Healthy People Initiative?
Defines national health agenda and long-term objectives for improving population health.
What is Racism as a Structural Driver?
Racism structures access to housing, education, employment, and healthcare leading to risk factors and producing health disparities across populations