modes of transmission
Transfer of an infectious agent from one person to another
What is Direct transmission?
Preventing a disease before it occurs
What is Primary prevention?
An individual who does not become ill or present any symptoms of disease while being exposed to and harbors a pathogen
What is a Healthy carrier?
An individual who spreads or bears a pathogen
What is a carrier?
The first disease case recorded in a population
What is a Primary case?
Host becomes infected when pathogens are carried through droplets or dust particles
What is Airborne transmission?
Involves individual behavior change such as quitting smoking
What is Active primary prevention?
An individual who has been exposed to a pathogen for a period of time and gone through recovery, but continues to harbor the same pathogen
What is an Active carrier?
Any object that is capable of holding pathogens on their surfaces & spreading to a host through contact with the object
What is a fomite?
An individual in a population who has a specific disease
What is a case?
Disease occurs when a pathogen has contaminated surfaces or is carried by an intermediate item
What is Indirect transmission?
Individual do not participate in behavioral changes
What is Passive primary prevention?
Individuals who can transmit a pathogen during the early stages of a disease
What is an Incubatory carrier?
An invertebrate organism that can spread pathogens by carrying the disease from one host to another
What is a vector?
Those who become infected or ill after coming in contact with a primary case
What is a Secondary case?
A pathogen resides in fomites, food, or water and infects the host
What is Vehicle-borne transmission?
Detection of disease in the early stages through health screenings
What is Secondary prevention?
When an individual is exposed & bares a pathogen they have the ability to spread the disease to different places
What is an Intermittent carrier?
A habitat where a pathogen has the opportunity to proliferate depending on its survival in nature
What is a reservoir?
Individuals who become infected or ill after the disease has been already been present in a population
What is an Index case?
The pathogen changes while infected in a host before moving to a new host
What is Biological transmission?
Reduces the effects of a disease or injury that has already occurred by providing rehabilitation
What is Tertiary prevention?
An individual who is in the recovery phase of disease is still infectious
What is a Convalescent carrier?
Vertebrate organisms that display pathogens and can spread them to humans from direct contact with objects or invertebrate organisms (e.g. mosquitos)
What is Zoonosis?
Individuals who display any signs or symptoms of a disease, but have not been diagnosed with that disease yet
What is a Suspect case?