Public Health Concepts
Aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs. This is done by preventing exposures to hazards that cause disease or injury, altering unhealthy or unsafe behaviors that can lead to disease or injury, and increasing resistance to disease or injury should exposure occur.
Primary Prevention
The economic and social conditions that influence individual and group differences in health status
Social Determinants of Health
An English physician known as the "Father of Epidemiology"
John Snow
An independent agency, specifically an independent executive agency, of the United States federal government for environmental protection.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Responsible for directing the international health within the United Nations' system and to lead partners in global health responses
World Health Organization
Refers to a state, tribal, local, or territorial health assessment that identifies key health needs and issues through systematic, comprehensive data collection and analysis.
Community Health Assessment (CHA)
An area that has limited access to affordable and nutritious food, in contrast with an area with higher access to supermarkets or vegetable shops with fresh foods
Food Desert
An English physician who was a contributor to development of the smallpox vaccine
Edward Jenner
Projected to impact sea level, patterns of infectious disease, air quality, and the severity of natural disasters such as floods, droughts, and storms
Climate Change
The United State's public health insurance program that provides health care coverage to low-income families or individuals
Focuses on people who are already affected by a disease. The goal is to improve quality of life by reducing disability, limiting or delaying complications, and restoring function. This is done by treating the disease and providing rehabilitation
Tertiary Prevention
An economic and sociological combined total measure of a person's work experience and of an individual's or family's economic and social position in relation to others
Socioeconomic Status (SES)
Time interval between exposure to the agent and the onset of clinical illness
Incubation Period
Emerged as a concept in the United States in the early 1980s. The term has two distinct uses with the more common usage describing a social movement that focuses on the “fair” distribution of environmental benefits and burdens.
Environmental Justice
Insurance available for people age 65 or older, younger people with disabilities and people with End Stage Renal Disease (permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or transplant).
Medicare
The federal government's prevention agenda for building a healthier nation. It is a statement of national health objectives designed to identify the most significant preventable threats to health and to establish national goals to reduce these threats.
Healthy People 2020
Preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by socially disadvantaged populations.
Health Disparities
A system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical data.
GIS Mapping
A United States federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level. It is one of the United States' first and most influential modern environmental laws, and one of the most comprehensive air quality laws in the world
What does HIPAA stand for?
An exam that covers the core areas of knowledge offered in CEPH–accredited schools and programs as well as cross–cutting areas relevant to contemporary public health. The examination was crafted to assess a person’s knowledge of these competencies, regardless of his or her academic concentration.
The Certified in Public Health (CPH) exam
A social psychological health behavior change model developed to explain and predict health-related behaviors, particularly in regard to the uptake of health services.
Health belief model
A tool for graphically illustrating a visual representation of the evolution of an illness within a population
Epi Curve
True or False: Nearly half a million U.S. children ages 1 to 5 have blood lead levels at or above 5 micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL)
True
The current director of the Ohio Department of Health and known for her response in Ohio during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Dr. Amy Acton