ch. 7
This is the brief statement that encapsulates the main points or central argument of a speech.
What is a thesis statement?
To gain the audience's attention and interest, gain their goodwill, state the speech's purpose, and preview the main points.
What are the four functions of an introduction?
This type of language assumes the heterosexual orientation of a person or group of people.
What is heterosexist language?
To influence attitudes, beliefs, values, or behaviors.
what is the goal of persuasion?
This type of thinking involves actively deciding on action by judging a message after examining it.
What is critical thinking?
In a speech of introduction, you should aim to do this to the main speaker you are introducing.
What is establish their credibility and motivate the audience to listen to them?
These are examples of transitional statements that could be used to signal a contrast or difference between two main points in a speech.
What are "However," "On the other hand," "Conversely," or "In opposition"?
This type of attention-getting strategy aims to surprise the audience with an interesting fact to capture their interest.
What is a startling statistic?
Avoid using these types of words or phrases that communicate uncertainty, such as "I thought we should" or "I sort of think."
What are hedges?
This refers to the character and credibility of the speaker, including their competence and goodwill towards the audience.
what is ethos?
all formal fallacies are these, meaning "it does not follow."
What are non sequiturs?
These types of speeches use language that is arousing, clear and inspiring to celebrate, commemorate, entertain and inspire.
What are special occasion speeches?
Define this term referring to a statement within the speech body that alerts the audience to what will be discussed next, keeping them informed and focused.
What is an internal preview?
This signpost within the body of the speech alerts the audience to what will be discussed next, keeping them informed and focused.
What is an internal preview?
Your co-worker frequently uses the phrase "the gay community" when referring to LGBTQ+ individuals. What would be a better way to refer to this group without making assumptions about sexual orientation?
The LGBTQ+ community (or a similar inclusive phrase)
The three components are claim, warrant, and backing.
What is the Toulmin model?
critical thinking helps us make educated decisions about these types of statements.
What are persuasive statements?
This type of special occasion speech uses humor and insults that are teasing yet playful towards the honoree.
What is a roast?
If you were giving a speech about the history of a local park, this organizational style would be most appropriate as it presents events in the order they occurred.
What is a chronological organizational style?
One way to summarize and conclude a speech is to restate the thesis statement from the introduction and review the main ideas covered, now in the past tense.
What is restating the thesis and reviewing the main points?
You are giving a speech on climate change to a general audience. Which of the following would be an example of using concrete and precise language? A) "The earth is getting warmer." B) "Global temperatures have risen 1.1°C above pre-industrial levels, causing melting glaciers and rising sea levels."
B) "Global temperatures have risen 1.1°C above pre-industrial levels, causing melting glaciers and rising sea levels."
You are giving a persuasive speech to a group of college students about the importance of regular exercise. According to Monroe's Motivated Sequence, this is the fourth step in your speech.
What is visualizing the outcome?
This informal fallacy occurs when an arguer attacks the person instead of addressing the argument. For example, "You can't trust John's stance on taxes, he's been divorced three times."
What is an ad hominem fallacy?
When giving an acceptance speech, the key things to convey are this and humility.
What is gratitude?
Suppose you are giving a persuasive speech on recycling importance. Outline the main points using the problem-solution pattern, well-suited as it defines the issue then presents a proposed solution.
I. The problem - Low recycling rates; II. The solution - Implementing a recycling program?
In addition to summarizing the speech, conclusions can leave the audience with an appeal (a request) or a challenge (a more forceful call to thought or action).
What are appeals and challenges?
"Dream of lawyers more concerned about justice than a judgeship. Dream of doctors more concerned about public health than personal wealth."
What is parallel structure?
You are preparing a persuasive speech on the importance of reducing carbon emissions to combat climate change. However, a portion of your audience is skeptical about the existence of human-caused climate change. This audience strategy would likely be effective.
What is acknowledging and addressing potential objections or counter-arguments from the audience. Identifying their concerns and providing evidence to refute or concede certain points while still supporting your overall proposal.
You are analyzing a persuasive speech claiming that allowing legalized marijuana will inevitably lead to societal chaos with increased drug use and crime. This is an example of what type of fallacy?
What is the slippery slope fallacy?
You are giving a speech commemorating the 50th anniversary of your local community theater. According to the guidelines, you should aim to do this through vivid language.
What is evoking mental imagery of the theater's achievements and significance?