Obstructive Pulmonary Conditions
What is exercise-induced bronchoconstriction?
narrowing of the airway as a result of exercise
How does insulin impact blood sugar levels?
decrease
What is diabetes mellitus?
Group of metabolic diseases with high blood glucose concentration due to inability to produce or use insulin
What is dyslipidemia?
abnormal amounts of lipids in blood
What BMI is classified as obese?
30 kgm^2 or higher
What are the two main purposes of resistance training for pulmonary conditions?
increasing strength and increasing endurance
What two characteristics indicate prediabetes?
impaired glucose tolerance--elevated blood sugar in response to carbs
impaired fasting glucose--elevated blood sugar in fasting state
What causes Type 1 diabetes?
autoimmune condition that destroys beta cells of pancreas
What is metabolic syndrome?
cluster of risk factors for CVD, diabetes, and stroke
What term describes the relationship between physical activity and weight loss?
dose-response relationship
Diagnosis of which two conditions automatically include a diagnosis of COPD?
chronic bronchitis/emphesyma
What causes Type 2 diabetes?
insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion
What cardiovascular condition are individuals with diabetes likely to miss? Why?
Silent ischemia due to neuropathy
Three of the following:
1. hyperglycemia
2. hypertension
3. dyslipidemia
4. central adiposity (waist circumference)
What is one benefit of sustained weight loss of 3-5%?
-reduced triglycerides
-reduced A1C/blood glucose levels
-reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes
What is a cutoff for severe arterial oxyhemoglobin desaturation that should be used to terminate exercise testing?
80%
How does exercise impact blood sugar levels?
vigorous: increase
moderate/low: can decrease
What is the cause of gestational diabetes?
pregnancy
What class of drugs is used to treat dyslipidemia?
statins
What is cystic fibrosis?
hereditary condition where thick, viscous mucus clogs lungs and blocks pancreas
What are the two types of respiratory muscle strength tests that can be conducted? What does each entail?
•MIP: fully exhale and then maximally inspire through manometer
•MEP: fully inspire and then maximally expire
What four ways can hypoglycemia be prevented after exercise?
-change insulin timing
-reduce insulin dosage
-increase carb intake
-exercise in early morning
What are four ways diabetes can be diagnosed?
FPG >126 mg/dL
OGTT >200 mg/dL
Hyperglycemic crisis symptoms + PG >200 mg/dL
What are the two primary classes of drugs used to treat hypertension?
beta-blockers & diuretics
What pulmonary condition is characterized by fibrosis or inflammation of alveolar compartments?
interstitial lung disease