Deep Breaths
Name the medical terms for "pink puffers" and "blue bloaters"
"pink puffers" = Emphysema
"blue bloaters" =Chronic Bronchitis
BOTH ARE COPD
A patient is diagnosed with CAP in your outpatient PCP clinic. They have no risk factors for complicated infection. What is an appropriate treatment?
Amoxicillin OR Doxycycline OR Azithromycin
Prolonged asbestos exposure is linked to what type of lung cancer?
Mesothelioma
Blood from the right ventricle is pumped to the lungs through what vessel?
Pulmonary Arteries
Name the 4 Classifications of Asthma Severity
1. Intermittent Asthma
2. Mild Persistent Asthma
3. Moderate Persistent Asthma
4. Severe Persistent Asthma
What is the name of the prediction tool to assess probability of pulmonary embolism?
Well's Criteria
1.Signs/Symptoms of DVT (3 points)
2.PE is most likely diagnosis (3 points)
3.Heart rate >100bpm (1.5 points)
4.Immobilization >3 days or recent surgery in past month (1.5 points)
5.History of PE/DVT (1.5 points)
6.Hemoptysis (1 point)
7.Cancer with treatment in past 6 months/palliative care (1 point)
A "Tram Tracks" finding on a CT thorax would be indicative of what process?
Bronchiectasis
The most common type of interstitial lung disease is?
Pulmonary Fibrosis
A patient with fever, cough, dyspnea, chills/rigors, diarrhea, and recent travel to Saudi Arabia should be suspected to have what infectious cause of pneumonia? Must state all words if acronym is used.
MERS - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
What is the gold standard test for diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension?
Right sided cardiac catheterization = best diagnostic tool
Echocardiography = best screening tool
Define Cor Pulmonale
Structural and functional changes of the right ventricle resulting from lung disease
Where would you find nontuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) such as Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)?
has been isolated from tap water(!)
Name Virchow's Triad
1. Venous Stasis
2. Endothelial / Vessel Injury
3. Hypercoagulability
Risk Factors for venous thromboembolism
What physical exam presentation would you expect to find in patient you suspect has aspirated a foreign body?
Localized wheeze (not diffuse wheezing)
What is the cutoff for a cough to be considered chronic?
>8 weeks duration
<3 for acute
3-8 for subacute
Asthma is defined by what 3 characteristics?
2. Airway Hyperresponsiveness
3. Airway inflammation
Name the 3 stages of pertussis infection
1.Catarrhal stage - insidious onset, with lacrimation, sneezing, and coryza, anorexia and malaise, and a hacking night cough
2.Paroxysmal stage - bursts of rapid, consecutive coughs followed by a deep, high-pitched inspiration (whoop)
3.Convalescent stage - begins 4 weeks after onset of the illness with a decrease in the frequency and severity of paroxysms of cough
Pregnant patients cannot take what tuberculosis medication?
Pyrazinamide
They can get RIE but not RIPE
Rifampin, Isoniazid, Ethambutol
A patient who smoked 1.5 packs a day for 40 years has how many pack years?
60 pack years
Patients with a high probability (>60%)of malignancy arising from a solitary pulmonary nodule should receive what treatment?
Resection (and staging)
Low (<5%): serial imaging
Moderate (5-60%): unclear recommendation (Biopsy, PET, sputum cytology, VATS)
Currant jelly and sticky sputum would be seen in what pulmonary process?
Klebsiella Pneumonia
OSA can be treated invasively if desired. UPPP is a surgical option. What does UPPP stand for?
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
When diagnosing hemothorax via thoracentesis what measure do you use? And what is your cutoff for diagnosis?
Ratio of pleural fluid hematocrit to blood hematocrit >0.5
A COPD patient has an FEV1 of 43% of predicted. What GOLD Stage classification does this patient fall into?
GOLD Stage III
1: FEV1 >80% predicted
2. FEV1 50-80% predicted
3. FEV1 30-80% predicted
4. FEV1 <30% predicted
Name the 5 classifications of pneumothorax
1. Primary
2. Secondary
3. Traumatic
4. Iatrogenic
5. Tension