Matter & States
State with a fixed shape?
Solids
Particles are always...
Moving / In motion
One type of particle?
Pure Substance
Substance dissolved is...
Solute
Separating metals is known as.....
Magnetism
What is matter? (2 parts)
Takes up space and has mass.
Adding heat makes particles....
Move faster
Mixtures
A substance that does the dissolving is...
Separating by size is known as....
Sifting
State that fills any container?
Gases
Particles in gases are .... (2 things)
1. Far apart
2. Fast
A substance cannot be separated by physical means. Is it a mixture or pure substance? Explain your reasoning.
Pure substance, because it contains only one type of particle. Physical separation methods only work on mixtures, where different substances are combined but not chemically bonded.
When a substance cannot dissolve any further it is.....
Saturated
Separating solids from liquids is known as...
Filtration
Explain the difference between the states.
Solids - slow moving particles - tightly packed - fixed shape
Liquids - flows but fixed volume - takes up space - movement in form
Gas - fills space - moves quickly - high heat energy
Name 3 ideas from Particle Theory
1. All matter is made up of tiny particles.
2. Particles are always moving.
3. There is space between all particles.
4. Adding heat makes particles move faster.
5. All particles in a pure substance are identical.
List 6 Examples of Mixtures
3 Homogeneous
3 Heterogeneous
Homogeneous - saltwater, sugar water, kool aid, air, vinegar, tea, coffee, apple juice, steel
Heterogenous - salad, pizza, trail mix, cereal and milk, sand and water, soil, oil and water, cookies, concrete
Explain concentration
The amount of solute that determines the strength of the mixture.
Separating liquids is known as...
Distillation
A student says "gases don't have a volume because you can't see them" explain why this is incorrect.
According to particle theory gases have particles, those particles have a mass and take up space therefore they have a volume, they just spread out and fill space.
Volume - the amount of space something takes up.
A student adds heat and stirring to a solution. Use particle theory to explain how BOTH increase dissolving rate.
When heat is added, particles gain energy and move faster. This causes:
When the solution is stirred, the particles are physically moved around, which:
List 5 examples of pure substances or elements
Gold Water Copper Helium Salt Carbon
Hydrogen Nitrogen
Determine an experiment and method to find out which solution is more concentrated. Explain the method and reasoning.
Comparing the same volume of a mixture. 100 mL of each.
Then I would evaporate the water from each solution and measure how much solute is left behind.
The solution that leaves behind more solute is more concentrated because concentration means the amount of solute in a solution.
Explain evaporation.
A process where a liquid is heated and forms a gas leaving a solid.