Phonemic Awareness Instruction
Phonics Instruction
Fluency Instruction
Vocabulary Instruction
Grab Bag
100
The smallest part of spoken language that makes a difference in the meaning of words.
What is a phoneme?
100
The understanding that there is a predictable relationship between phonemes and graphemes
What is phonics?
100
The ability to read a text accurately, quickly, and with appropriate intonation and expression.
What is fluency?
100
Words from which many other words are formed
What are base words?
100
Children break a word into its separate sounds, saying each sound as they tap out or count it. Then they write and read the word.
What is phoneme segmentation?
200
The ability to hear, identify, and manipulate the individual sounds—phonemes—in spoken words.
What is phonemic awareness?
200
The letters that represent sounds in written language.
What are graphemes?
200
The fast, effortless word recognition that comes with a great deal of reading practice.
What is automaticity?
200
Word parts that are “fixed to“ either the beginnings of words (prefixes) or the ending of words (suffixes).
What are affixes?
200
An approach to phonics instruction where children learn to segment words into phonemes and to make words by writing letters for phonemes.
What is phonics through spelling?
300
A term to describe skills such as identifying and manipulating larger parts of spoken language, such as words, syllables, and onsets and rimes—as well as phonemes. It also encompasses awareness of other aspects of sound, such as rhyming, alliteration, and intonation.
What is phonological awareness?
300
An approach to phonics instruction where children learn how to convert letters or letter combinations into sounds, and then how to blend the sounds together to form recognizable words.
What is synthetic phonics?
300
A relatively easy text for the reader, with no more than approximately 1 in 20 words difficult for the reader (95% success)
What is an independent level text?
300
Words from other languages that are the origin of many English words. About 60% of all English words have Latin or Greek origins.
What are root words?
300
An approach to phonics instruction that provides practice with letter-sound relationships in a predetermined sequence. Children learn to use these relationships to decode words that contain them.
What is systematic and explicit phonics instruction?
400
A word part that contains a vowel or, in spoken language, a vowel sound (e-vent; news-pa-per; ver-y).
What is a syllable?
400
An approach to phonics instruction where children learn to analyze letter-sound relationships in previously learned words. They do not pronounce sounds in isolation.
What is analytic phonics?
400
Challenging but manageable text for the reader, with no more than approximately 1 in 10 words difficult for the reader (90% success)
What is instructional level text?
400
Hints about the meaning of an unknown word that are provided in the words, phrases, and sentences that surround the word
What are context clues?
400
Reading aloud with a more fluent partner (or with a partner of equal ability) who provides a model of fluent reading, helps with word recognition, and provides feedback.
What is partner reading?
500
Blending phonemes to make words, segmenting words into phonemes, deleting phonemes from words, adding phonemes to words, or substituting one phoneme for another to make a new word
What is phoneme manipulation?
500
An approach to phonics instruction where children are taught letter-sound relationships during the reading of connected text. (Since children encounter different letter-sound relationships as they read, this approach is not systematic or explicit.)
What is embedded phonics?
500
Difficult text for the reader, with more than 1 in 10 words difficult for the reader (less than 90% success)
What is frustration level text?
500
The four types of vocabulary?
What are listening, speaking, reading, and writing vocabulary?
500
When students read along as a group with you (or another fluent adult reader)
What is choral reading?
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