PAD
What is PAD?
Arteries carrying blood become narrowed/blocked
Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis are forms of what type of disorders?
Vascular
What are the types of HTN?
Primary
Secondary
White Coat Syndrome
Isolated Systolic HTN
Malignant HTN
LDL
<100
lower the better
What is the fx of arteries?
Carry blood from heart to tissues
What is the main cause of PAD?
Hardening of the arteries
Plaque builds up (artherosclerosis)
What is artherosclerosis?
Hardening of the arteries
What are the 3 main causes of Secondary HTN?
HDL
>40
What is the fx of capillaries?
Transports nutrients to cells and removes metabolic waste
What are risk factors for PAD?
smoking, DM, Obesity, Family Hx, High cholesterol
What is arteriosclerosis?
Nonmodifiable vs Modifiable Risk Factors of HTN
Nonmodifiable is genetic or environmental
Modifiable is anything that can be corrected (stress, obesity, nutrients, substance abuse)
Triglycerides
<150
What is the fx of the veins?
transport blood against the force of gravity
How do you test for PAD?
ABI
Ankle-Brachial Index (compare BP in ankle to arms)
Smokers are at an increased risk of?
Peripheral Vascular Disease because it causes vasoconstriction of the blood vessels.
What does HTN cause to organs and syndromes?
Stroke, Heart attack, Blindness, Heart Failure, Kidney failure, Retinal Hemorrhage
Hematocrit
Male 42-52%
Women 36-48%
What are the S&S of PAD?
cramps, leg numbness, sores on feet, shiny skin on legs, weak/no pulses, decreased sensation
What medications are the treatment for Atherosclerosis and what can they cause?
-Statins
Rosuvastatin, Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, Simvastatin
Can cause Muscle Myopathy!!
What are the S&S of HTN?
HA, fatigue, dizziness, palpitations, flushing, vision changes, chest pain
A1C
<7%
What is flow of blod through the heart?
Left side of heart to aorta-arteries-arterioles-capillaries-venules-veins-vena cava-right side of heart