Macromolecules
What are the 6 most common elements in living organisms?
Sulfur, phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen
This organelle helps digest old cell parts
Lysosomes
Diffusion
Do prokaryotic cells have mitochondria?
No
What is the largest organ in the human body?
Skin
What is the primary function of carbs? What is the primary function of lipids?
Carbs: Short term energy
Lipids: Long term energy, make up cell membranes
Generate ATP/energy through cellular respiration
This type of transport goes from low -> high and requires energy
Active
What part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic?
Head
In genetics, what term describes an organisms physical appearance or visible traits?
Cellulose, DNA, polypeptides, and phospholipids are all examples of __________, while amino acids, glucose, fatty acids, and nucleotides are all examples of __________
Polymers, monomers
The function of the cell membrane is to
Let some things in and some things out of the cell
This type of transport requires a transport protein and no energy
What do enzymes do?
Speed up chemical reactions
What is the term for variety of life in a habitat or ecosystem?
Biodiversity
Which macromolecule helps provide structure in hair, skin, nails, and muscles?
Protein
The "tail" in the mystery cell is called a ________ and it helps _________
flagella, movement
Active
What 4 organelles are in ALL cells?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes
What pigment in plant is responsible for absorbing sunlight during photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll
Describe the functions of cellulose, starch, and glycogen
Cellulose makes up cell walls, starch is how plants store energy, glycogen is how animals store energy
Ribosomes attach to the _________ which make and modify proteins. Then, they are transported to the ______ ________ which packages and transports proteins to the __________ __________ (where they can finally leave the cell)
rough ER, golgi body, cell membranes
Freshwater fish, like goldfish, live in freshwater environments. Freshwater has a low concentration of potassium ions compared to the higher concentration of potassium ions inside the fish's cells. How will the potassium move? How will the water move?
Potassium moves out of the fish cell into the water; water moves into the cell
How are fungi cells similar to plant cells? How are they similar to animal cells?
Fungi and plants both have cell walls. Fungi and animal cells both do not have chloroplast; therefore they cannot make their own food.
What type of cell is responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body?
Red blood cells