Most organisms require that their internal environments remain in a fairly constant range, and so they maintain ______________.
Homeostasis
Which type of macromolecule has the function of storing and transmitting hereditary or genetic information?
nucleic acids
cell membrane
How do you know if a reaction is endothermic?
It absorbs energy
How can ADP be made into ATP?
Living organisms use energy and materials to grow, develop, and reproduce. These life processes involve a set of chemical reactions called __________.
Metabolism
Eukaryotic cells contain a ______, but prokaryotic cells do not.
nucleus
The three types of passive transport (diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis) all move from _____ concentration to _____ concentration.
high / low
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the _______________.
activation energy
What are the inputs of photosynthesis?
water, sunlight, carbon dioxide
Biologists have certain criteria that must be met if something is to be considered living. All living things are made up of cells and have ______, which carries the genetic code.
DNA
What structures are found only in plant cells and not animal cells?
chloroplasts, central vacuoles, and cell walls
Wes places red blood cells in a petri dish with pure water and observes them under a microscope. What will Wes observe?
water will move into the cells / they swell or burst / it was hypotonic
The ______ of a protein dictates its function.
shape / structure / form
The pigment in chloroplasts responsible for photosynthesis is called ______.
chlorophyll
Valerie conducted a controlled experiment on pothos plants, which are common houseplants. Her hypothesis is that the direction of light will affect the growth pattern of a plant. In one test group, she allowed the plants to receive light from one direction only. Valerie observed that the plants in this group bent their stems and leaves toward the light.
Valerie’s observations most strongly demonstrate which characteristic of life?
respond to stimuli
What cell organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
ribosomes
Alexis is using models of the cell membrane to compare the types of cellular transport. One model shows a molecule entering through a protein pump. Which type of cell transport is being modeled?
active transport
The location where the enzyme and the substrate (reactants) touch is called the ___________.
active site
Which is the role of the electron transport chain in the process of photosynthesis?
to carry electrons needed to make NADPH and ATP.
According to the cell theory, what is the source of all new cells?
existing (old) cells
Why would muscles cells have more mitochondria than skin cells?
Muscle cells need more energy than skin cells.
The movement of matter across a cell membrane against a concentration difference is called __________, and it requires _________.
active transport / ATP (energy)
Since cyanide is a poison that limits a cell's ability to manufacture ATP, a cell containing cyanide is least likely to carry on the process of _________.
Active transport
When the light-independent reactions are occurring, gases diffuse between the chloroplast and the air that surrounds the plant. What gas diffusion is essential during this stage of photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide