Force and Motion
100-If given two opposing forces, how do you find net force?
If they are working with each other, you add.
100-Which type of wave moves parallel to motion and which moves perpendicular to motion?
Parallel: Longitudinal
Perpendicular: transverse
100-What are our three field forces?
1. Magnetism
2. Gravity
3. Electricity
100-What two properties affect gravity and how?
1. Mass- increase mass, increase gravitational force
2. Distance- increase distance (farther), weaker gravitational force
100-What tool would you use to track the movement of celestials objects in the sky?
Telescope
200-On a graph with two lines, how can you tell which has more magnitude/strength/speed?
The steeper the slope, the faster the speed.
200-What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength; frequency and period?
As I increase frequency, my wavelength decreases. They are inversely proportional
If frequency decreases, wavelength increases.
200-What are the three parts of an electromagnet and what are the three ways to strengthen one?
1. Copper wire, iron, and energy source such as a battery
Copper wire= conductor, allows electrons to flow through
Iron= something magnetic that will be magnetized
Battery= offers electrons
200-Describe orbits in terms of shape and proximity to the sun.
Planetary orbits are elliptical (oval-shaped), not perfect circles, with the Sun at one focus, meaning distance to the Sun changes, causing planets to speed up near the Sun and slow down farther away.
300-What is the relationship between inertia and mass?
More mass= more inertia
Less mass= less inertia
300-Explain the difference in a mechanical and electromagnetic wave and give one example of each.
Mechanical waves HAVE to have a MEDIUM. For example, sound waves or seismic waves (earthquakes).
Electromagnetic waves DO NOT NEED a MEDIUM. They can travel through empty space. For example, light or gamma rays.
300-What is a motor made out of and how does it work?
A motor is an electromagnet plus an extra magnet. The two magnetic fields interact causing the magnetic fields to attract and repel creating motion.
300- What is nuclear fusion and what two elements are most commonly used in it?
Nuclear fusion is the process where light atomic nuclei, like hydrogen, combine to form a heavier nucleus (like helium), releasing immense energy and creating stars.
300-What disadvantages do Earth-based optical telescopes have and how have we overcome this obstacle?
Earth based telescope images are distorted by Earth's atmosphere.
We have launched telescopes into space.
400- Describe Newton’s Three Laws and give an example of each.
1st: An object in motion stays in motion or an object at rest stays at rest UNTIL AN UNBALANCED FORCE ACTS UPON IT.
2nd: Force= Mass*Acceleration- the more mass you have the less acceleration.
3rd: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
400-Explain how reflection allows us to see the color black v white v red.
If an object is black, it is absorbing all colors
If an object is red, it is absorbing all colors except for red
If an object is white, it is reflecting all colors.
400-What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
A motor powers things on and off. A generator creates electricity.
400-Explain how red shift/blue shift work in terms of wave compression, and what does that tell us about the motion of the planet/star?
Red shifting- if it is red, it is moving ahread proving the universe is expanding and the wavelengths are getting LONGER.
Blue shifting- if it is blue, it is coming to you showing the stars are coming towards you. The wavelengths are compressing/getting shorter.
400-Explain how satellites and space probes are similar and different.
Satellites and space probes are similar as robotic spacecraft exploring space, but differ in scope: satellites usually stay in orbit around Earth (or another body) for long-term monitoring (weather, GPS, comms), while probes travel far beyond Earth's orbit to explore other planets, moons, or deep space, often taking one-way journeys to distant targets.
500-Draw a graph that represents this scenario. Jaden is running at a speed of 10 meters per minute for 10 minutes. Issac is running at a speed of 20 meters per minute for 5 minutes. Who is going faster?
Answer will be draw on the white board.
500-How does state of matter affect speed of an electromagnetic wave versus a mechanical wave?
Electromagnetic waves travel fastest in a vacuum. As density of a medium increases the electromagnetic waves slow down.
Mechanical waves travel fastest in solids (more dense) and slow down as density decreases. This is because they need molecules to bounce off of.
500-How can you produce electricity from magnetism and magnetism from electricity?
You produce electricity from magnetism by moving a wire through a magnetic field (or vice versa) to push electrons, like in generators; and you create magnetism from electricity by running current through a wire (especially coiled), which wraps the wire in a magnetic field, as seen in electromagnets.
500-What is the purpose of a spectroscope and what does it use to accomplish this goal?
A spectroscope's purpose is to analyze light by splitting it into its component colors (wavelengths) to identify the chemical makeup, temperature, and motion of light sources like stars or unknown substances. It works by using a narrow slit, a dispersing element (like a prism or diffraction grating), and a viewing port, which separates light into a spectrum showing unique spectral lines that act like fingerprints for different elements. REFRACTION