Homeostasis
Nucleic Acids
Transcription & Translation
Experimental Design
Miscellaneous
100
Define Homeostasis
What is dynamic equilibrium?
100
These two molecules are both considered nucleic acids
What is DNA and RNA
100
Central Dogma states that information flows in this particular way.
What is DNA --> RNA --> Protein
100
Describe the difference between an IV and a DV
The IV is manipulated or changed by the scientist and is found on the X-axis. It is also usually listed first in a data table.
The DV responds to changed in the IV and is usually measured or recorded as data. It lives on the Y - axis
100
This is the location of translation
what is the ribosome
200
Sweating and Shivering are examples of this type of feedback loop
what is negative feedback loop
200
What is the difference in bases in RNA and DNA?
RNA contains Uracil while DNA contains Thymine
RNA: C-G, A-U DNA: C-G, A-T
200
This is how nucleic acids store information
what is sequence (or order of bases)
200
A scientist is trying to determine what the effect of pH is on an enzymes rate of reaction. What is the IV and DV in this experiment?
IV: pH level DV: enzyme rate of reaction
200
This type of feedback loop helps control blood sugar
What is a negative feedback loop
300
This type of feedback loop is responsible for regulating blood pressure
what is a negative feedback loop?
300
This is an example of which type of mutation?
Original: TAC CCG AUU
Mutant: TAC ACG AUU
What is a substitution (or point) mutation
OR What is a missense mutation
300
Transcription occurs in what specific location and passes information from what molecule to what molecule?
What is the nucleus AND information passes from DNA to RNA
300
A scientist is trying to determine what the effect of pH is on an enzymes rate of reaction. What are examples (at least 2) of constant variable for this experiment?
What are temperature, amount of enzyme, amount of substrate, amount of time, scientist performing the experiment, type of enzyme, type of substrate
300
Name an example of a positive feedback loop and justify your choice
Giving birth: contractions increase the chemical signal to stimulate contractions --> it is a one direction cycle amplifying a response
Ripening fruit: Once a fruit begins the ripening process it sends signals (ethylene) to nearby fruit increasing the ripening cascade --> it amplifies a response, is one directional, can't go back
400
This type of feedback loop continually builds and builds in one direction, increasing the same response
What is a positive feedback loop
400
These are the three components that make up a nucleotide?
What is a pentose (or 5-carbon) sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
400
This molecule is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome based on the codon sequence
What is tRNA
400
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
A control group acts as a point of comparison to better interpret the effect of your IV on your DV/ understand your data
400
If you inserted a gene from a human into a bacteria to produce insulin, do you think the produced protein could be put back into a human? Why or why not?
Yes because all living things share the same code and mechanism to translate the code to proteins. If the bacteria has the instructions, it will make the same protein.
500
Describe the role of negative feedback loops in organisms
What is maintaining homeostasis or normal levels/set points
500
Describe the relationship among genes, DNA, proteins, and cell function
Genes are made up of DNA which carry the instructions for building proteins, which determine the functions of cells
500
Describe the process happening between Gene Trp-T and the mRNA
The process happening is transcription which is the passing of information from the template DNA sequence to the mRNA sequence in the nucleus. Helicase unwinds the DNA and RNA polymerase adds new RNA nucleotides based on the template.
500
A company is testing the effect of a new acne medication on the market. What is an example of a control group that they could use?
+ control = current acne drug/medication on the market
- control = a placebo medication/medication at all
500
If a student wanted to test the effect of temperature on blood pressure, what would their Independent variable be? How would an increase in temperature effect their blood pressure?
Their IV is temperature and an increase in temperature would likely result in an increase in blood pressure